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Sa`id al-Andalusi - Science in the Medieval World

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Sa`id al-Andalusi Science in the Medieval World
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During the Middle Ages, a thriving center for learning and research was Muslim Spain, where students gathered to consult Arabic manuscripts of earlier scientific works and study with famous teachers. One of these teachers was Said al-Andalusi, who in 1068 wrote Kitab Tabaqat al-Umam, or Book of the Categories of Nations, which recorded the contributions to science of all known nations. Today, it is one of few surviving medieval Spanish Muslim texts, and this is its first English translation.

Science (ulum), as used by Said and other scholars of that period, is a broad term covering virtually all aspects of human knowledge. After initial discussions of the categories of nations that did or did not cultivate science, Said details the specific contribution of nine nations or peoples-India, Persia, Chaldea, Greece, Rome, Egypt, the Arab Orient, al-Andalus, and the Hebrews. He includes the names of many individual scientists and scholars and describes their various contributions to knowledge, making his book a significant work of reference as well as history.

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History of Science Series No 5 SCIENCE IN THE MEDIEVAL WORLD Book of the - photo 1
History of Science Series, No. 5
SCIENCE IN
THE MEDIEVAL WORLD
Book of the Categories of Nations
by
id al-Andalus
Translated and Edited by
Semaan I. Salem and Alok Kumar
Picture 2
University of Texas Press, Austin
Copyright1991 by the University of Texas Press
All rights reserved
Printed in the United States of America
First paperback printing, 1996
Requests for permission to reproduce material from this work should be sent to Permissions, University of Texas Press, Box 7819,
Austin, Texas 78713-7819.
utpress.utexas.edu/index.php/rp-form
Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data
Library ebook ISBN: 978-0-292-75796-7
Individual ebook ISBN: 978-0-292-79231-9
DOI: 10.7560/711396
Andalus , id ibn Ahmad, 10291070.
[abaqt al-umam. English]
Science in the medieval world : book of the Categories of nations by id al-Andalus ; translated and edited by Semaan. I. Salem and Alok Kumar.1st ed.
p.cm.(History of science series ; no. 5)
Translation of: Tabaqt al-umam.
Includes bibliographical references and index.
ISBN 0-292-71139-5 (cloth)
ISBN 0-292-70469-0 (pbk.)
1. Science, Medieval. 2. ScienceIslamic countriesHistory. I. Salem, Semaan I., 1927- . II. Kumar, Alok, 1954- . III-Title. IV. Series: History of Science series (Austin, Tex.) ; no. 5.
Q124.97.A5313 1991
509'.02dc20
91-13332
CIP
The cover illustration is taken from a map of the known world (the Eastern Hemisphere) by al-Idrisi, the first geographer to portray the world on a disk, according to al-Andalus.
Contents
We are very grateful to J. G. Salem and Professor L. S. Lerner for editing parts of the manuscript and commenting on its contents. Our sincere thanks to Sid Sims, Cathrine L. Ida, and Sharlene La Forge for their assistance in the library search and the procurement of documents, and to Professor B. L. Scott for his help with computer programming. Although they have not participated in this project, Alok Kumar is grateful to G. S. Sarswat and Shanti Devi for their constant support and encouragement.
(adapted from The Concise Encyclopedia of Islam, 1989)
TransliterationArabic LetterTransliterationArabic Letter
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b
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t
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gh
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th
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f
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j
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q
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Picture 14
k
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kh
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l
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d
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m
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dh
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n
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r
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ah/at
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z
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w
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s
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y
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sh
Picture 28
t
Picture 29
Picture 30
Picture 31
Short Vowels
a
Picture 32
(e.g., ba)
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u
Picture 34
(e.g., bu)
Picture 35
i
Picture 36
(e.g., bi)
Picture 37
Long Vowels
Picture 38
(e.g., b)
Picture 39
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