Gerald P. Fogarty - Nova et vetera: the theology of tradition in American Catholicism
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Nova Et Vetera : The Theology of Tradition in American Catholicism Pere Marquette Lecture in Theology ; 1987
author
:
Fogarty, Gerald P.
publisher
:
Marquette University Press
isbn10 | asin
:
0874625424
print isbn13
:
9780874625424
ebook isbn13
:
9780585141558
language
:
English
subject
Bible and tradition--History of doctrines, Catholic Church--United States--History, Church and state--United States--History.
publication date
:
1987
lcc
:
BS522.F64 1987eb
ddc
:
231/.042
subject
:
Bible and tradition--History of doctrines, Catholic Church--United States--History, Church and state--United States--History.
Page iii
The 1987 Pre Marquette Theology Lecture
Nova Et Vetera:
The Theology of Tradition in American Catholicism
by Gerald Fogarty Professor of Religious Studies University of Virginia
Marquette University Press Milwaukee, Wisconsin 53233
Page iv
Library of Congress Catalogue Card Number: 87-60584
Copyright 1987 Marquette University Press
ISBN 0-87462-542-4
Page v
Preface
The 1987 Pre Marquette Lecture is the eighteenth in a series inaugurated to celebrate the Tercentenary of the missions and explorations of Pre Jacques Marquette, S.J. (1637-1675). The Marquette University Theology Department, founded in 1952, launched these annual lectures by distinguished theologians under the title of the Pre Marquette Lectures in 1969. The 1987 Lecture is a central event in the year long celebration of Marquette's twenty-five years of experience in graduate theology, the doctoral and master's degree programs, which were the outgrowth of a solidly academic undergraduate structure.
The 1987 lecture was delivered at Marquette University, April 5, 1987, by the Rev. Gerald P. Fogarty, S.J., Professor of Religious Studies at the University of Virginia.
Fr. Fogarty holds a doctorate in history from Yale University and did his theological studies at Woodstock College and Union Theological Seminary in New York.
Fr. Fogarty's own contributions to Church History and Historical Theology include articles in the Catholic Historical Review, the Archivum Historiae Pontificiae, and the
Page vi
U.S. Catholic Historian. His books are The Vatican and the Americanist Crisis: Denis J. O'Connell, American Agent in Rome, 1885-1903 and The Vatican and the American Hierarchy from 1870 to 1965. He has just finished a third book on American Catholic biblical scholarship to be published by Harper and Row.
In this lecture Fr. Fogarty attempts to show that the notion of tradition and of its relationship to Sacred Scripture which the Second Vatican Council adopted was the very notion of tradition in the American Church prior to 1870. The concept of tradition that developed after 1870 led to an interpretation of papal and conciliar statements different from that originally intended. Among the examples treated are Church-State relations and the biblical question.
Page 1
Nova Et Vetera: The Theology of Tradition in American Catholicism
When the Second Vatican Council convened in October, 1962, the bishops had before them a schema on the "sources of revelation," Scripture and Tradition. Many may have believed that this was the immutable "doctrine" of the Council of Trent. The progressives, however, argued that there was great significance in the Tridentine decree, which had rejected the formulation that revelation is contained "partim in libris... partim in... traditionibus,'' and which had, instead, affirmed that revelation is contained "in libris scriptis et sine scripto traditionibus." They had derived their position from the historical research of J.R. Geiselmann and Hubert Jedin and the theological work of Yves Congar, O.P., and Joseph Ratzinger.1 The first schema, in other words, raised the question of whether Tradition contained revelation separate from that of Scripture. It was
Page 2
the product of the Theological Commission under the presidency of Cardinal Alfredo Ottaviani, secretary of the Holy Office. As Joseph Ratzinger pointed out, this position of "Roman school theology" had become so ingrained that the defenders of the first schema had blurred the distinction between doctrine and theology.2
Americans had perhaps an even more difficult time in accepting the "new" progressive position, for they lacked a sense of history and tended to use the immediate past as the norm for judging the entire past. The "new" position, which would make Scripture and Tradition intimately related, was, in fact, the position expressed by the American Catholic Church in the first half of the nineteenth century. This essay will trace the "old'' position up to Vatican I, the loss of that position in the latter part of the nineteenth century, and its re-emergence at Vatican II.
I. Tradition as the Lived Experience of the Church
In 1784, John Carroll, recently named superior of the American mission, was compelled to address the question of the relation
Page 3
between Scripture and Tradition. The occasion was a pamphlet published by Charles Wharton, former chaplain to the Catholic congregation in Worchester, England, who had left the Catholic Church and embraced Anglicanism. To justify his conversion, he argued against certain Catholic doctrines on the grounds that they were not contained in Scripture. Carroll demanded to know by what right Wharton assumed
as a principle, that God communicated nothing more to his church, than is contained in his written word? He knows, that we have always asserted, that the
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