Biale - Cultures of the Jews: a new history

Urban visibility and biblical visions: Jewish culture in Western and Central Europe in the modern age / Richard I. Cohen -- A journey between worlds : East European Jewish culture from the partitions of Poland to the Holocaust / David Biale -- The Ottoman Diaspora : the rise and fall of Ladino literary culture / Aron Rodrigue -- Multicultural visions : the cultural tapestry of the Jews of North Africa / Lucette Valensi -- Challenges to tradition : Jewish cultures in Yemen, Iraq, Iran, Afghanistan, and Bukhara / Yosef Tobi -- Religious interplay on an African stage : Ethiopian Jews in Christian Ethiopia / Hagar Salamon -- Locus and language : Hebrew culture in Israel, 1890-1990 / Ariel Hirschfeld -- The other Israel : folk cultures in the modern state of Israel / Eli Yassif -- Declarations on independence : American Jewish culture in the twentieth century / Stephen J. Whitfield.;Imagining the birth of ancient Israel : national metaphors in the Bible / Ilana Pardes -- Israel among the nations : biblical culture in the ancient Near East / Ronald S. Hendel -- Hellenistic Judaism / Erich S. Gruen -- Jewish culture in Greco-Roman Palestine / Eric M. Meyers -- Confronting a Christian empire : Jewish culture in the world of Byzantium / Oded Irshai -- Babylonian Rabbinic culture / Isaiah Gafni -- Jewish culture in the formative period of Islam / Reuven Firestone -- Merchants and intellectuals, rabbis and poets : Judeo-Arabic culture in the golden age of Islam / Raymond P. Scheindlin -- A letter to a wayward teacher : the transformations of Sephardic culture in Christian Iberia / Benjamin R. Gampel -- A Jewish-Christian symbiosis : the culture of early Ashkenaz / Ivan G. Marcus -- Innovative tradition : Jewish culture in the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth / Moshe Rosman -- Families and their fortunes : the Jews of early modern Italy / Elliott Horowitz -- Bom Judesmo : the Western Sephardic diaspora / Yosef Kaplan -- Childbirth and magic : Jewish folklore and material culture / Shalom Sabar.;WITH MORE THAN 100 BLACK-AND-WHITE ILLUSTRATIONS THROUGHOUT Who are the Jews Scattered over much of the world throughout most of their three-thousand-year-old history, are they one people or many How do they resemble and how do they differ from Jews in other places and times What have their relationships been to the cultures of their neighbors To address these and similar questions, twenty-three of the finest scholars of our dayarchaeologists, cultural historians, literary critics, art historians, folklorists, and historians of relation, all affiliated with major academic institutions in the United States, Israel, and Francehave contributed their insight to Cultures of the Jews. The premise of their endeavor is that although Jews have always had their own autonomous traditions, Jewish identity cannot be considered immutable, the fixed product of either ancient ethnic or religious origins. Rather, it has shifted and assumed new forms in response to the cultural environment in which the Jews have lived. Building their essays on specific cultural artifactsa poem, a letter, a travelers account, a physical object of everyday or ritual usethat were made in the period and locale they study, the contributors describe the cultural interactions among different Jewsfrom rabbis and scholars to non-elite groups, including womenas well as between Jews and the surrounding non-Jewish world. Part One, Mediterranean Origins, describes the concept of the People or Nation of Israel that emerges in the Hebrew Bible and the culture of the Israelites in relation to that of the Canaanite groups. It goes on to discuss Jewish cultures in the Greco-Roman world, Palestine during the Byzantine period, Babylonia, and Arabia during the formative years of Islam. Part Two, Diversities of Diaspora, illuminates Judeo-Arabic culture in the Golden Age of Islam, Sephardic culture as it bloomed first if the Iberian Peninsula and later in Amsterdam, the Jewish-Christian symbiosis in Ashkenazic Europe and in the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth, the culture of the Italian Jews of the Renaissance period, and the many strands of folklore, magic, and material culture that run through diaspora Jewish history. Part Three, Modern Encounters, examines communities, ways of life, and both high and fold culture in Western, Central, and Eastern Europe, the Ladino Diaspora, North Africa and the Middle East, Ethiopia, Zionist Palestine and the State of Israel, and, finally, the United States. Cultures of the Jews is a landmark, representing the fruits of the present generation of scholars in Jewish studies and offering a new foundation upon which all future research into Jewish history will be based. Its unprecedented interdisciplinary approach will resonate widely among general readers and the scholarly community, both Jewish and non-Jewish, and it will change the terms of the never-ending debate over what constitutes Jewish identity.