Michael Ruse - The Evolution Wars: A Guide to the Debates (Controversies in Science)

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title	:	The Evolution Wars : A Guide to the Debates
author	:	Ruse, Michael.
publisher	:	ABC-CLIO
isbn10 | asin	:	1576071855
print isbn13	:	9781576071854
ebook isbn13	:	9781576074039
language	:	English
subject	Evolution (Biology)--History.
publication date	:	2000
lcc	:	QH361.R874 2000eb
ddc	:	576.8/09
subject	:	Evolution (Biology)--History.

Page iii The Evolution Wars A Guide to the Debates Michael Ruse Foreword by Edward O. Wilson

Page iv Some images in the original version of this book are not available for inclusion in the netLibrary eBook. Copyright 2000 by Michael Ruse All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted, in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, or otherwise, except for the inclusion of brief quotations in a review, without prior permission in writing from the publishers. Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Ruse, Michael. The evolution wars : a guide to the debates / Michael Ruse. p. cm. Includes bibliographical references and index. ISBN 1-57607-185-5 (hardcover : alk. paper) 1. Evolution (Biology)History. I Title. QH361.R874 2000 576.8'09dc21 00-009037 CIP 06 05 04 03 02 01 00 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 ABC CLIO, Inc. 130 Cremona Drive, P.O. Box 1911 Santa Barbara, California 93116-1911 This book is printed on acid-free paper Manufactured in the United States of America.

Page v For my friends and fellow teachers Ronald Brooks Brian Calvert Jay Newman

Page vii Contents Foreword, Edward O. Wilson ix Acknowledgments xi Prologue xiii 1 Monad to Man: The Birth of the Idea 1 2 Mystery of Mysteries: The Legacy of Charles Darwin 29 3 Modified Monkeys: Evolution as Religion 59 4 The New World: Darwin in America 89 5 Cold War Warriors: Darwinism and Genetics 117 6 In the Beginning: The Origin of Life 145 7 "Going the Whole Orang": Human Origins 171 8 Genetic Determinism? Human Sociobiology Arrives 203 9 Challenges to Orthodoxy: Alternatives to Darwinism 231 10 Ultimate Questions: Science and Religion 261 Epilogue 287 References 289 Chronology 301 Glossary 303 Documents 313 Illustration and Document Credits and Permissions 413 Index 419

Page ix Foreword Edward O. Wilson The history of biology has been ruled by two very powerful and fruitful ideas. The first is that all living structures and processes, from heredity and physiology to ecosystem cycles and the working of the brain, are organically based and obedient to the laws of physics and chemistry. This absolute physicalism of bio1logy, after a tumultuous history in the nineteenth and early twentieth centuries, triumphed over the lan vital and other mystic forces of previous explanation and is today nowhere seriously challenged. Almost all the disputes in molecular and cellular biology, consequently, came down to data clashes and competing models that nevertheless fall within the secure framework of a universally materialist worldview. This is the reason that in mastering the principles of functional biology, thus how cells and organisms work, you need learn in addition very little history and virtually no philosophy. The second, complementary ruling idea is that all of biological phenomena have arisen by the evolution of the aforementioned organic machinery. Further, the overwhelmingly most important creative force behind this historical process is natural selection. Ever since the idea of evolution by natural selection exploded forth from Charles Darwin's Origin of Species in 1859, it has proceeded not only to change biology but also to challengeand dangerously sothose of humanity's most cherished self-images engendered by religion, philosophy, and ideology. And because evolution deals with the outer reaches of the space-time scale, encompassing particularities of whole populations as they change over generations, its study is technically more difficult than ordinary functional biology. Old and new controversies stillroil the deeper waters of evolutionary scholarship. To understand these disputes, and the status of evolutionary thought generally, it is very useful to know both the fundamentals of the subject and something of its history and philosophy.

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