Creation Rediscovered: Finding New Meaning in an Ancient Story (ebook edition)
2020 by Jeffery M. Leonard
Published by Hendrickson Academic
an imprint of Hendrickson Publishing Group
Hendrickson Publishers, LLC
P. O. Box 3473
Peabody, Massachusetts 01961-3473
www.hendricksonpublishinggroup.com
ebook ISBN 978-1-68307-320-8
All rights reserved. No part of this book may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, recording, or by any information storage and retrieval system, without permission in writing from the publisher.
Scripture quotations marked (ESV) are taken from the Holy Bible, English Standard Version (ESV), copyright 2001 by Crossway, a publishing ministry of Good News Publishers. Used by permission. All rights reserved.
Scripture quotations marked (NIV) are taken from the Holy Bible, New International Version, NIV. Copyright 1973, 1978, 1984, 2011 by Biblica, Inc. Used by permission of Zondervan. All rights reserved worldwide. www.zondervan.com. The NIV and New International Version are trademarks registered in the United States Patent and Trademark Office by Biblica, Inc.
Scripture quotations marked NJPS are reproduced from the Tanakh: The Holy Scriptures by permission of the University of Nebraska Press. Copyright 1985 by The Jewish Publication Society, Philadelphia.
Scripture quotations marked (NRSV) are taken from the New Revised Standard Version of the Bible, copyright 1989 by the Division of Christian Education of the National Council of the Churches of Christ in the United States of America, and are used by permission.
Due to technical issues, this ebook may not contain all of the images or diagrams in the original print edition of the work. In addition, adapting the print edition to the ebook format may require some other layout and feature changes to be made.
Ocean vector by CHUYN via Getty Images.
Cover design by Karol Bailey.
First ebook edition March 2020
In loving memory of my grandmother,
Johnnie Frances Shepherd
He will wipe away every tear from their eyes.
Death shall be no more,
neither shall there be mourning or crying or pain,
for the first things have passed away.
And the one seated on the throne said,
Behold, I am making all things new.
(Revelation 21:45)
... and there was no more sea.
Revelation 21:1
Preface
When a study ventures into an area as fraught with controversy as the doctrine of creation, it may be helpful to clear the air at the outset over the who, what, and why of the study:
This is a book that emerges from a deep love for the Scriptures and for the God who authored them. It proceeds from a conviction that the essential doctrines of the Christian faith are true: That a loving and sovereign God reigns over the creation that is his handiwork. That Jesus is God incarnate and Savior through his death on the cross and resurrection. That the Bible is Gods Word and humanitys only authoritative guide to matters of faith and practice.
This is a book written primarily for those who share these convictions. While I hope others will find it helpful, I recognize that most of the people who wrestle with the doctrine of creation do so because they want to hold on to the truths of orthodox Christian belief even as they are confronted by the competing claims of science.
This is a book about biblical interpretation. While I love science and marvel at the seemingly endless discoveries it produces, the real impetus of this book is not scientific. It aims rather to look again at the Bibles creation texts and to consider whether the way these texts have been read has not needlessly created conflicts between the Bible and science.
This is a book that considers not whether the Bible is trueI take this as an article of faithbut how the Bible is true. It considers how we are meant to read the texts we find in the Bible, not whether those texts are ultimately trustworthy and authoritative.
This is a book that is written first and foremost for students, pastors, and educated laypeople. While I trust that the scholarship it contains is both comprehensive and compelling, I have felt it best to keep most technical matters and bibliographic references in the notes that accompany the text. In addition, I have not hesitated to use illustrations from sources such as movies, television, or books where I thought they might make a dense subject more understandable.
Most of all, this book is written for fellow travelers in the faith who want to take seriously the biblical text while at the same time appreciating sciences exploration of what we consider to be Gods creation.
Acknowledgments
In one respect, a scholars indebtedness to others is obvious: it is manifest in the allusions, quotations, and citations that fill the pages of that scholars work. Less obvious but more important are the debts owed to those whose names are not always found in a footnote or a bibliography. High on the list of those to whom I find myself indebted are the teachers without whose patient guidance I would never have been able to find my lifes calling: My parents, Jim and Cheryl, who served as my first and best Bible teachers and whose support for me and my family has always been unwavering. Bryan Widbin, whose love for the Hebrew Scriptures proved irresistible to me and whose passionate embrace of both scholarship and faith gave me the courage to follow the same path. Marc Brettler, whose demand for rigor as a teacher was at once intimidating and invaluable and whose support as a mentor and friend has been a blessing. David Wright, whose patience rivaled that of Job as he kindly walked me and my fellow grad students through the exotic worlds of Israels neighbors. TzviAbusch, whose sensitive attention to the text remains a model for approaching literature from both Israel and Mesopotamia.
Alongside these, I am also indebted to my editor, Jonathan Kline, a wonderful scholar in his own right, who was kind enough to approach me several years ago with an invitation to do this study. Without his wise counsel and patient encouragement, this project would likely never have come to fruition.
I am, as ever, indebted to my wife, Michaela, and mytwo sons, Samuel and Elijah. My wife has been a constant source of love and support through the seemingly endless gauntlet of college, seminary, grad school, job search, tenure, and more. My sons are never far from my mind as I think through issues such as those laid out in this book. Helping them love God with all their hearts and all their minds remains my highest goal as their father.
Lastly, I remain deeply indebted to my grandmother, JohnnieFrances Shepherd, to whose memory this book is dedicated. I have studied the Scriptures in ways she could not, but I will never know them as profoundly as she did. The bitter trials that accompanied her last years on earth are never far from my mind when I read the Scriptures, whether their words are the cry Why is light given to one in misery, and life to the bitter in soul? (Job 3:20) or the hopeful confidence Death will be no more; mourning and crying and pain will be no more (Rev 21:4). Her influence on those around her, both in her life and in her death, could never be measured.