Ivaylo Znepolski - Communism, Science and the University: Towards a Theory of Detotalitarianisation

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Communism, Science, and the University

The book explores the intellectual history of Bulgaria between the 1960s and the 1980s at the intersections of the countrys social and political history. Based on case studies, the research delves into three areas: the control and pressure mechanisms used on science and the university; the clash of ideas while performing the formal and hidden functions of academia in a communist regime setting; the processes whereby research and academia acquire a relative autonomy and alternative academic communities are being formed amidst the eroding ideological legitimacy of the regime.

Centred on the concept of the incident, this setup allowed us to eschew the narratives around the role of the dissidents or freedom as a gift and interpret societys transformation as the outcome of intersecting and overlaying sectoral events, which gathered strength down the years and lay the ground for the eruption labelled here as the Big Event of 1989.

Ivaylo Znepolski is the Director of the Institute for the Study of the Recent Past in Sofia, Professor at Sofia University, Bulgaria, Visiting Professor at the cole des Hautes tudes en Sciences Sociales in Paris (19942002), former culture minister (19931995), and an author of numerous books and edited volumes on the recent communist past of Bulgarian and Eastern Europe.

Routledge Histories of Central and Eastern Europe

1 Hungary since 1945
rpd von Klim, translated by Kevin McAleer

2 Romania under Communism
Dennis Deletant

3 Bulgaria under Communism
Ivaylo Znepolski, Mihail Gruev, Momtchil Metodiev, Martin Ivanov, Daniel Vatchkov, Ivan Elenkov, Plamen Doynow

4 From revolution to uncertainty
The year 1990 in Central and Eastern Europe
Edited by Joachim von Puttkamer, Wodzimierz Borodziej, and Stanislav Holubec

5 Identities in-between in East-Central Europe
Edited by Jan Fellerer, Robert Pyrah, and Marius Turda

6 Communism, science, and the university
Towards a theory of detotalitarianisation
Ivaylo Znepolski

For more information on this series, please visit https://www.routledge.com/Routledge-Histories-of-Central-and-Eastern-Europe/book-series/CEE

Communism, Science, and the University

Towards a Theory of Detotalitarianisation

Ivaylo Znepolski

First published 2020
by Routledge
2 Park Square, Milton Park, Abingdon, Oxon OX14 4RN

and by Routledge
52 Vanderbilt Avenue, New York, NY 10017

Routledge is an imprint of the Taylor & Francis Group, an informa business

2020 Ivaylo Znepolski

The right of Ivaylo Znepolski to be identified as author of this work has been asserted by him in accordance with sections 77 and 78 of the Copyright, Designs and Patents Act 1988.

All rights reserved. No part of this book may be reprinted or reproduced or utilised in any form or by any electronic, mechanical, or other means, now known or hereafter invented, including photocopying and recording, or in any information storage or retrieval system, without permission in writing from the publishers.

Trademark notice : Product or corporate names may be trademarks or registered trademarks, and are used only for identification and explanation without intent to infringe.

British Library Cataloguing-in-Publication Data
A catalogue record for this book is available from the British Library

Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data
Names: Znepolski, Ivailo, 1940- author.
Title: Communism, science and the university: towards a theory of detotalitarianisation / Ivaylo Znepolski.
Description: Milton Park, Abingdon, Oxon; New York: Routledge, 2020. | Series: Routledge histories of central and eastern europe | Includes bibliographical references and index.
Identifiers: LCCN 2019056979 (print) | LCCN 2019056980 (ebook) | ISBN 9780367895686 (hardback) | ISBN 9781003019879 (ebook) Subjects: LCSH: Communism and scienceBulgariaHistory20th century. | Communism and educationBulgariaHistory20th century. | BulgariaSocial conditions19441989.
Classification: LCC HX541 .Z54 2020 (print) | LCC HX541 (ebook) | DDC 306.4/50949909045dc23
LC record available at https://lccn.loc.gov/2019056979
LC ebook record available at https://lccn.loc.gov/2019056980

ISBN: 978-0-367-89568-6 (hbk)
ISBN: 978-1-003-01987-9 (ebk)

Typeset in Times
by Deanta Global Publishing Services, Chennai, India

Contents

The book you have in your hands is the result of a five-year research effort following the winning of a European Research Council research grant on the subject of Regime and Society in Eastern Europe (19561989): From Extended Reproduction to Social and Political Change. The work was carried out by an international team of five researchers overseen by myself as the lead researcher. In 2016, I published my part of the project output in the two-volume How Things Change: From Incidents to the Big Event in the Bulgarian language. Thereafter, I continued to work along the same lines, and the result was Communism, Academia, and the University , an adaptation of the initial version for Routledge and the English-speaking audience. I owe plenty of heartfelt acknowledgements for being able to write this book.

* The research leading to these results has received funding from the European Research Council under the European Unions Seventh Framework Programme (FP7/2007-2013)/ERC grant agreement No. 269608.

First of all, thanks are due to the European Research Council for providing the core funding, which such a large-scale research endeavour could not go without. We also got valuable administrative support from Sofia University, complete with everything we needed for our numerous meetings and other project teamwork. My thanks to all four colleagues who contributed to the project: Thomas Lindenberger (Germany), Dariusz Stola (Poland), Oldich Tma (Czech Republic), and dm Takcs (Hungary). Working together extended and deepened our understanding of the regions communist past; it also honed the methodological tools whereby we can adequately interpret it.

I used the opportunity to diversify our project work into two international conferences, one titled From Case Study to Event. Principles of Historical Research (2014) and the other one, Comparative Studies of Communism. Regime and Society in Eastern European Countries (2015). Apart from discussing some key methodological issues, we also took a closer look into the interim outcomes of our studies, including some that were shaped into sections of this book. These conferences were attended by fellow researchers from various countries whose papers, critical comments, and shared experiences were embedded in the final result along pathways visible or invisible. It is hardly possible to list all of them down here, but at least some names ought to be mentioned: Robin Wagner-Pacifici (USA), Jacques Revel (France), Daniel Dayan (France), Christoph Boyer (Austria), Dimitri Ginev (Bulgaria), Martin Dimitrov (Bulgaria/USA), Pavel Kolar (Italy/Germany), and Michael Werner (France).

Other colleagues were also getting involved as external experts in the work on my topic at certain stages; as academics of high international standing their comments and suggestions cannot be overestimated: Giovanni Levi, Jeffrey Goldfarb, Sandrine Kott, and Padraic Kenney. I owe an acknowledgement to them all as well.

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