David G. Peterson - Hebrews: An Introduction and Commentary

BDAG A GreekEnglish Lexicon of the New Testament and Other Early Christian Literature , ed. W. Bauer, F. W. Danker, W. F. Arndt and F. W. Gingrich, 3rd edn (Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 2000)

Bib Biblica

BJRL Bulletin of the John Rylands Library

BTCP Biblical Theology for Christian Proclamation

CBQ Catholic Biblical Quarterly

CBR Currents in Biblical Research

EBTC Evangelical Biblical Theology Commentary

ET English translation

Louw and Nida GreekEnglish Lexicon of the New Testament: Based on Semantic Domains , ed. J. P. Louw and E. A. Nida, 2nd edn (New York: United Bible Societies, 1989)

lxx Septuagint (Greek) Text of the Old Testament

mg. marginal reading

mt Masoretic (Hebrew) Text of the Old Testament

NICNT New International Commentary on the New Testament

NICOT New International Commentary on the Old Testament

NIDOTTE New International Dictionary of Old Testament Theology and Exegesis , 5 vols., ed. W. A. VanGemeren (Carlisle: Paternoster, 1997)

NovTSup Supplements to Novum Testamentum

NSBT New Studies in Biblical Theology

NT New Testament

OT Old Testament

par. and parallels

PNTC Pillar New Testament Commentary

SBLDS Society for Biblical Literature Dissertation Series

SBLMS Society for Biblical Literature Monograph Series

SNTSMS Society for New Testament Studies Monograph Series

TDNT Theological Dictionary of the New Testament , 10 vols., ed. G. Kittel and G. Friedrich (Grand Rapids: Eerdmans, 19641976)

TrinJ Trinity Journal

TynBul Tyndale Bulletin

WTJ Westminster Theological Journal

WUNT Wissenschaftliche Untersuchungen zum Neuen Testament

b. Sabb. Shabbat (Babylonian Talmud)

1 En. 1 Enoch (Ethiopic Apocalypse)

2 En. 2 Enoch (Slavonic Apocalypse)

4 Ez. 4 Ezra (= 2 Esdras 3 14)

Josephus, Ant. Josephus, Jewish Antiquities

Jub. Jubilees

Justin, Dial. Justin, Dialogue with Trypho

14 Macc. 14 Maccabees

Pss. Sol. Psalms of Solomon

1 QS Serek Hayahad (Rule of the Qumran Community)

Sir. Sirach/Ecclesiasticus

T. Levi Testament of Levi

Wis. Wisdom of Solomon

asv American Standard Version (1901).

csb Christian Standard Bible (2016). The Christian Standard Bible. Copyright 2017 by Holman Bible Publishers. Used by permission. Christian Standard Bible, and CSB are federally registered trademarks of Holman Bible Publishers, all rights reserved.

esv The ESV Bible (The Holy Bible, English Standard Version), copyright 2001 by Crossway, a publishing ministry of Good News Publishers. Used by permission. All rights reserved.

kjv Extracts from the Authorized Version of the Bible (The King James Bible), the rights in which are vested in the Crown, are reproduced by permission of the Crowns Patentee, Cambridge University Press.

nasb The NEW AMERICAN STANDARD BIBLE, Copyright 1960, 1962, 1963, 1968, 1971, 1972, 1973, 1975, 1977, 1995 by The Lockman Foundation. Used by permission.

neb New English Bible (1961). Extracts from the New English Bible, copyright The Delegates of the Oxford University Press and The Syndics of Cambridge University Press, 1961, 1970. Used by permission.

niv The Holy Bible, New International Version (Anglicized edition). Copyright 1979, 1984, 2011 by Biblica. Used by permission of Hodder & Stoughton Ltd, an Hachette UK company. All rights reserved. NIV is a registered trademark of Biblica. UK trademark number 1448790.

nkjv The New King James Version. Copyright 1982 by Thomas Nelson, Inc. Used by permission. All rights reserved.

nlt The Holy Bible , New Living Translation, copyright 1996. Used by permission of Tyndale House Publishers, Inc., Carol Stream, Illinois 60188, USA. All rights reserved.

nrsv The New Revised Standard Version of the Bible, Anglicized Edition, copyright 1989, 1995 by the Division of Christian Education of the National Council of the Churches of Christ in the USA. Used by permission. All rights reserved.

reb The Revised English Bible, copyright Oxford University Press and Cambridge University Press 1989.

rsv The Revised Standard Version of the Bible, copyright 1946, 1952 and 1971 by the Division of Christian Education of the National Council of the Churches of Christ in the USA. Used by permission. All rights reserved.

rv Revised Version (1881 NT, 1885 OT). Nineteenth-century update of Authorized Version. Extracts from the Authorized Version of the Bible (The King James Bible), the rights in which are vested in the Crown, are reproduced by permission of the Crowns Patentee, Cambridge University Press.

1. GODS FINAL WORD IN HIS SON (1:14)

A. The new revelation compared with the old (1:12a)

B. The nature and work of the Son (1:2b3)

C. The Son and the angels (1:4)

2. THE GREATNESS OF THE SON AND THE NEED TO PAY CAREFUL ATTENTION TO HIS MESSAGE (1:5 2:4)

A. The Sons superiority to the angels (1:514)

B. A warning about holding fast to the Son and his message (2:14)

3. THE SONS INCARNATION, DEATH AND HEAVENLY EXALTATION IS THE MEANS OF OUR SALVATION AND THE BASIS OF HOPEFUL CONFIDENCE (2:5 3:6)

A. The world to come subjected to the glorified Son (2:59)

B. Many sons brought to glory by the pioneer of their salvation (2:1016)

C. The Son as a merciful and faithful high priest (2:1718)

D. A challenge to be faithful and hold firmly to the confidence and hope the Son has given us (3:16)

4. A WARNING NOT TO HARDEN OUR HEARTS IN UNBELIEF, TOGETHER WITH ENCOURAGEMENTS ABOUT THE WAY TO ENTER THE REST THAT THE SON HAS MADE POSSIBLE (3:7 4:13)

A. The negative example of the Israelites who failed to enter the Promised Land (3:719)

B. A warning about falling short of Gods promised rest (4:12)

C. Identifying the rest and those who enter it (4:311)

D. A warning about the power of Gods word to expose and judge (4:1213)

5. THE SONS HIGH-PRIESTLY MINISTRY IS THE BASIS FOR PERSEVERING FAITH AND OBEDIENCE (4:14 5:10)

A. A challenge to hold firmly to the faith we profess and approach God with confidence for mercy and timely help (4:1416)

B. The perfecting of the Son as the source of eternal salvation for all who obey him (5:110)

6. A CHALLENGE TO AVOID SLUGGISHNESS AND FULLY REALIZE THE HOPE SET BEFORE US (5:11 6:12)

A. The pathway to maturity in Christ (5:11 6:3)

B. A warning about the fate of those who profess faith and fall away (6:48)

C. The need to express faith, hope and love to the very end (6:912)

7. THE HOPE CONFIRMED AND SECURED BY THE ENTRANCE OF OUR HIGH PRIEST INTO HEAVEN (6:13 7:28)

A. Responding to Gods guaranteed promise (6:1320)

B. The priesthood of Melchizedek (7:110)

C. The eternal high priesthood of the Son of God (7:1128)

8. THE SUPERIOR MINISTRY OF OUR GREAT HIGH PRIEST (8:1 10:18)

A. Enthroned in heaven and serving in the true tabernacle (8:16)

B. Mediator of a new covenant (8:713)

C. Opening the way to the Most Holy Place and cleansing consciences (9:114)

D. Providing the sacrifice that makes eternal salvation possible (9:1528)

E. Sanctifying believers once for all and perfecting them for ever (10:118)

9. REFLECTING ON THE PRIVILEGES WE HAVE AS CHRISTIANS AND RESPONDING APPROPRIATELY (10:1939)

A. Realize the benefits of Jesus high-priestly ministry (10:1925)

B. Dont turn away from the Son of God and his achievements for us (10:2631)

C. Persevere and obtain what God has promised (10:3239)

10. EXAMPLES OF PERSEVERING FAITH, CLIMAXING WITH A CHALLENGE TO REJECT SIN AND FOCUS ON JESUS THE PIONEER AND PERFECTER OF FAITH (11:1 12:3)

A. Faith in the unseen (11:17)