Endorsements
This book is a needed plea to the church to rediscover the real gospel as rooted in participation in and engagement with Christ. It leads to a better understanding of the call of our faith to be active and focused on things that matter. The gospel has been hijacked for many other things that have little or nothing to do with what God asks of all people. We are made in his image and designed for relationship and participation with him. This book sets all of that right, leading us not only to reflect who we are designed to be but to live actively in the very way God asks us to travel, aware that he is very much with us and in us as we go.
Darrell L. Bock , Dallas Theological Seminary
Many struggle to find the coherence in what seems like a big jumble of ideas in the Bible: grace, obedience, works, salvation, ethics, baptism, and so on. Snodgrass has put his finger on the missing piece that holds these all togetherparticipation. Christianitys God-centered gospel is focused on personal transformation because the means to salvation and its goal are found in participation, union with Christ through the Spirit. This view changes everything, so I strongly commend this book.
Ben C. Blackwell , Houston Theological Seminary
Delaying gratification works well when youre on a diet or saving for retirement but not so well when it comes to defining the content of the gospel, which concerns not only an afterlife but eternal life now . To have eternal life is to participate in the family of Godin the Son, through the Spiritwith other adoptees. Snodgrass rightly asks evangelicalsgospel peopleto recover the New Testament understanding of faith, which is considerably more rich, dramatic, and self-involving than merely signing on the doctrinal dotted line.
Kevin J. Vanhoozer , Trinity Evangelical Divinity School
In this important and readable book, Snodgrass unpacks what is, for many Christians, a significantly underappreciated scriptural theme: Gods participation with us and our participation in the life of God. The robust gospel of transformative participation recovered and expounded in these pages is a needed corrective to the simplistic gospel on offer in too many quarters of the church. A must-read for pastors and lay people as well as professors and scholars.
Michael J. Gorman , St. Marys Seminary & University; author of Participating in Christ
Half Title Page
Title Page
Copyright Page
2022 by Klyne R. Snodgrass
Published by Baker Academic
a division of Baker Publishing Group
PO Box 6287, Grand Rapids, MI 49516-6287
www.bakeracademic.com
Ebook edition created 2022
All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted in any form or by any meansfor example, electronic, photocopy, recordingwithout the prior written permission of the publisher. The only exception is brief quotations in printed reviews.
Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data is on file at the Library of Congress, Washington, DC.
ISBN 978-1-4934-3504-3
Unless otherwise indicated, Scripture translations are the authors own.
Scripture quotations labeled NIV are from THE HOLY BIBLE, NEW INTERNATIONAL VERSION, NIV Copyright 1973, 1978, 1984, 2011 by Biblica, Inc. Used by permission. All rights reserved worldwide.
Scripture quotations labeled NRSV are from the New Revised Standard Version of the Bible, copyright 1989 National Council of the Churches of Christ in the United States of America. Used by permission. All rights reserved.
Baker Publishing Group publications use paper produced from sustainable forestry practices and post-consumer waste whenever possible.
Dedication
In honor of scholars who have gone before and taught all of us so much both in print and in person, especially Richard N. Longenecker and Walter L. Liefeld
Contents
Endorsements
Half Title Page
Title Page
Copyright Page
Dedication
Preface
Introduction
1. Participation in Christ
2. Is Faith as Participation a New Idea?
3. What Is Participation, and Why Is It Important?
4. Is the Gospel of Participation in the Old Testament?
5. The Gospels in the Synoptic Gospels
6. Deep Participation in John and 1 John
7. The Gospel in the Book of Acts
8. Pauls Letters: How Does Salvation Work , and for What Purpose?
9. Pauls Letters: How Does Salvation Work, and for What Purpose ?
10. Striking Assertions of Participation
11. So What?
Appendix: The Relation of the Gospels of Jesus and Paul
Select Bibliography
Index of Authors
Index of Scripture and Ancient Writings
Back Cover
Preface
Our world seems trapped in conflict, division, violence, and disorder. Is there any good news for such a world? We needyou and I needgood news that enables life. The Christian gospel is indeed good news and offers peace, hope, and a foundation on which to live constructively. But the gospel is good news only if it actually effects change in the lives of those who say they believe it. What is the gospel? I want to come down emphatically on the side of those who insist the gospel is a gospel of participation. The gospel is not merely about a declaration or a transaction that satisfies God and secures the future. It is about God drawing us into a relation that is nothing short of participation with God and Gods purposes now, and this astounding assertion gives life value, direction, and hope.
At times I will offer a broad view of the topic under discussion, and at other times I will focus more closely on specific biblical texts, especially in chapters eight and nine. Both approaches are needed for an adequate view of participation.
The translations of biblical passages are my own unless otherwise specified. Also, italics in quotations of Scripture are my own and have been added for emphasis. I want to thank some wonderful people who read all or part of the manuscript, especially Stephen Chester, Markus Nikkanen, Lars Stromberg, Bob Hubbard, Jim Bruckner, and my wife, Phyllis. I also want to thank the people at Baker Academic, especially James Korsmo, for their help in bringing the text to its final form.
Pentecost 2021
Introduction
Christianity (that is, the Christianity of the New Testament...) does not exist.... Christianity [in Denmark] is enjoyment of life, tranquilized... by the assurance that the thing about eternity is settled.... I will not take part in what is known as official Christianity.
Sren Kierkegaard
Nothing compares to riding a horse. I have been riding horses since I was ten, and I can assure you that thinking about riding or talking about riding, which even nonriders can do, is not the same as riding a horse. The same is true with faith. Thinking about faith and talking about faith may be enjoyable and stimulating, but they are nowhere close to living a faith, which is what Christianity is about.
Sren Kierkegaards words above, addressed to nineteenth-century Danish Christians, are unsettling, even harsh, but they point to the cleavage between the New Testament message and modern perceptions of Christianity. The problem of such failure in our day is worse.
For several years I taught a course on the Christian gospel for graduating seminarians, soon to be pastors. It was intended to help them synthesize their studies and leave school with a clear understanding of the gospel that would be the focus of their ministries and their efforts to lead people to Jesus Christ and make them followers of Christ. But the problems those students will face are enormous for two reasons: our society has little interest in a gospel, and the church has failed miserably to do justice to its own message.