Michael Baigent - The Temple and the Lodge: The Strange and Fascinating History of the Knights Templar and the Freemasons
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- Book:The Temple and the Lodge: The Strange and Fascinating History of the Knights Templar and the Freemasons
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The Temple and the Lodge: The Strange and Fascinating History of the Knights Templar and the Freemasons: summary, description and annotation
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The book posits that the orders contribution to the fostering of tolerance, progressive values, and cohesion in English society aided in preempting a French-style revolution in England; that Freemasonry was an essential keystone in the formation of the United States; and that America itself is an embodiment of the ideal Masonic Republic. This groundbreaking thread of analysis challenges the accepted traditions of Western history as it is currently taught. What is the true source of our most valued traditions? Twenty years since its original publication, The Temple and the Lodge remains a trenchant and essential edition to any collection of Western history.
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As ever, we should like to thank Ann Evans, for performing, in a fashion that more transcendent agencies might envy, the functions of Providence.
For their help and courtesy in procuring us access to not readily accessible material, we should like particularly to thank Robert and Lindsay Brydon, Neville Barker Cryer, Jenny Hall, John Hamill, Roberta Hankamer and Steven Patrick. We should also like to thank Colin Bloy, Brie Burkeman, Marion Campbell, Tony Colwell, Judith and Andrew Fisken, Denis Graham, Joy Hancox, Chris Horspool, Julian Lea-Jones, Ben Lewis, Pat Lewis, Alison Mansbridge, Tom Maschler, Joy Muir, George Onslow, John Saul, Lucas Siorvanes, James Watts, Pamela Willis, Anthony Wolseley, Lilianne Ziegel, the staff of the British Library Reading Room and, needless to say, our ladies.
| Regiment | Lodge |
|---|---|
| 1st Foot | No. 11, Irish Grand Lodge |
| 15th Foot | No. 245, Irish Grand Lodge |
| 17th Foot | No.136, Irish Grand Lodge |
| 22nd Foot | No Lodge (later, in 1767, Lodge No. 132, Scottish Grand Lodge) |
| 27th Foot | No. 24, Irish Grand Lodge |
| 28th Foot | No. 35, Irish Grand Lodge (Captain Span, November 1760, Grand Master, Quebec) |
| 35th Foot | No. 205, Irish Grand Lodge |
| 40th Foot | No. 42, Antients Grand Lodge |
| 42nd Foot | No. 195, Irish Grand Lodge |
| 43rd Foot | No Lodge (later, in 1769, Lodge No. 156, Scottish Grand Lodge) |
| 44th Foot | No Lodge (later, in 1784, Lodge No. 467, English Grand Lodge) |
| 45th Foot | No Lodge (later, in 1766, Lodge No. 445, Irish Grand Lodge) |
| 46th Foot | No. 227, Irish Grand Lodge |
| 47th Foot | No. 192, Irish Grand Lodge (1759, Lt Guinet, Grand Master, Quebec) |
| 48th Foot | No. 218, Irish Grand Lodge |
| 55th Foot | 1st Scottish military Lodge; no number recorded |
| 58th Foot | No Lodge (later, in 1769, Lodge No. 466, Irish Grand Lodge) |
| 60th Foot | No Lodge (Later, in 1764, Lodge No. 448, English Grand Lodge) |
| Fraser High landers (later 78th Foot) | Lodge, No. unknown but Colonel Fraser in July 1760 was appointed Grand Master of Quebec |
1Sources: Gould, The History of Freemasonry , vol. vi, pp. 400-3; Milborne, The Lodge in the 78th Regiment, pp. 23-4; Fortescue, A History of the British Army , vol. ii, pp. 296, 300, 316, note 2, 323, 325, 361.
In command was Sir William Howe who had, as a member of his staff, Brigadier-General Augustine Prevost who, from around 1761, had been the head of the Ancient & Accepted Scottish Rite for the British Army.
| Regiment | Commander | Lodge |
|---|---|---|
| th Dragoons | Col. John Burgoyne | None |
| 17th Dragoons | Col. John Preston | No. 478, Grand Lodge of Ireland |
| 4th Foot | Col. S. Hodgson | No. 147, Grand Lodge of Scotland |
| 5th Foot | Col. Earl Percy | No. 86, Grand Lodge of Ireland |
| 7th Foot | Col. R. Prescott | No. 231, Grand Lodge of Ireland |
| 10th Foot | Cot.E.Sandford | No. 299, Grand Lodge of Ireland |
| No. 378, Grand Lodge of Ireland | ||
| 15th Foot | Col. Earl of Cavan | No. 245, Grand Lodge of Ireland |
| 16th Foot | Col. J. Gisborne | No. 293, Grand Lodge of Ireland |
| l7th Foot | Col. R. Monckton | No. 136, Grand Lodge of Ireland |
| 22nd Foot | Col. T. Gage | No. 251, Grand Lodge of Ireland |
| 23rd Foot | Col. Sir W. Howe | No.137, Grand Lodge of Scotland |
| 26th Foot | Col. Lord Gordon | No. 309, Grand Lodge of Ireland |
| 27th Foot | Col. E. Massey | No. 205, Grand Lodge of Ireland |
| 28th Foot | Col. C. Grey | No. 35, Grand Lodge of Ireland |
| 33rd Foot | Col. Earl Cornwallis | No. 90, Antients Grand Lodge |
| 35th Foot | Col. H. F. Campbell | None |
| 37th Foot | Col. Sir E. Coote | No. 52, Antients Grand Lodge |
| 38th Foot | Col. R. Pigot | No. 441, Grand Lodge of Ireland |
| 40th Foot | Col. R. Hamilton | No. 42, Antients Grand Lodge |
| 42nd Foot | Col. Lord J. Murray | No. 195, Grand Lodge of Ireland |
| 43rd Foot | Col. G. Cary | No.156, Grand Lodge of Scotland |
| 44th Foot | Col. J. Abercrombie | No. 14, Prov. G. Lodge of Quebec.2 |
| 45th Foot | Col. W. Haviland | No. 445, Grand Lodge of Ireland |
| 46th Foot | Col. J. Vaughan | No. 227, Grand Lodge of Ireland |
| 49th Foot | Col. A. Maitland | No. 354, Grand Lodge of Ireland |
| 52nd Foot | Col. J. Clavering | No. 370, Grand Lodge of Ireland |
| No. 226, Grand Lodge of England | ||
| 54th Foot | Col. M. Frederick | None |
| 55th Foot | Col. J. Grant | No. 7, Grand Lodge of New York |
| 57th Foot | Col. Sir J. Irwin | No. 41, Antients Grand Lodge |
| 60th Foot (3 Batt) | Col. Dalling | None |
| 60th Foot (4 Batt) | Col. A. Prevost | None known , but perhaps an A&A Scots Rite.3 |
| 63rd Foot | Col. F. Grant | No. 512, Grand Lodge of Ireland |
| 64th Foot | Col. J. Pomeroy | No. 106, Grand Lodge of Scotland |
| 71st Foot | Col. S. Fraser | No. 92, Grand Lodge of Scotland |
1Sources: A List of the General and Staff Officers and of the Officers in the Several Regiments Serving in North America (New York, 1778); Gould, The History of Freemasonry, vol. vi, pp. 400-3; Milborne, British Military Lodges in the American War of Independence, in Transactions of the American Lodge of Research, vol . x, no. 1, pp. 2285.
244th Foot: Lodge founded 1760 in Quebec and revived as No. 18 in 1784. Its status in 1775-7 is uncertain.
360th Foot, 1st Battalion, held Lodge No. 448, Grand Lodge of England.
In the American War for Independence, Freemasonry was ultimately apolitical, or only incidentally political. There were Freemasons on both sides. There were Freemasons among radical and conservative factions on both sides. For the most part, Freemasonry constituted a voice of temperance and moderation, but some individual Freemasons were militantly revolutionary and others were staunchly reactionary. This kind of distribution was to continue for the duration of the eighteenth century and into the nineteenth. But in many peoples minds, Freemasonry had become so closely associated with American revolution and independence that it began, increasingly, to acquire a radical image. That image, needless to say, was to be reinforced by the French Revolution.
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