Vincent T. DeVita Jr. - Cancer: Principles & Practice of Oncology: Primer of the Molecular Biology of Cancer

Acquisitions Editor: Julie Goolsby

Senior Product Development Editor: Emilie Moyer

Editorial Assistant: Brian Convery

Marketing Manager: Stephanie Kindlick

Production Project Manager: David Orzechowski

Design Coordinator: Stephen Druding

Manufacturing Coordinator: Beth Welsh

Prepress Vendor: Absolute Service, Inc.

2nd edition

Copyright 2015 Wolters Kluwer Health

Copyright 2011 Wolters Kluwer Health / Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. All rights reserved. This book is protected by copyright. No part of this book may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means, including as photocopies or scanned-in or other electronic copies, or utilized by any information storage and retrieval system without written permission from the copyright owner, except for brief quotations embodied in critical articles and reviews. Materials appearing in this book prepared by individuals as part of their official duties as U.S. government employees are not covered by the above-mentioned copyright. To request permission, please contact Wolters Kluwer at Two Commerce Square, 2001 Market Street, Philadelphia, PA 19103, via email at permissions@lww.com, or via our website at lww.com (products and services).

9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1

Printed in China

Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data

Cancer : principles & practice of oncology. Primer of the molecular biology of cancer / editors, Vincent T. DeVita, Jr, Theodore S. Lawrence, Steven A. Rosenberg; with 82 contributing authors. Second edition.

p. ; cm.

Primer of the molecular biology of cancer

Abridgement of: Devita, Hellman, and Rosenbergs cancer. 10th edition. [2015].

Includes bibliographical references and index.

ISBN 978-1-4963-1063-7

I. DeVita, Vincent T., Jr., 1935- , editor. II. Lawrence, Theodore S., editor. III. Rosenberg, Steven A., editor. IV. Devita, Hellman, and Rosenbergs cancer. 10th edition. Abridgement of (work): V. Title: Primer of the molecular biology of cancer.

[DNLM: 1. Neoplasmsetiology. 2. Molecular Biologymethods. 3. Neoplasmsgenetics. 4. Neoplasmsphysiopathology. QZ 202]

RC268.4

616.994042dc23

2015004087

This work is provided as is, and the publisher disclaims any and all warranties, express or implied, including any warranties as to accuracy, comprehensiveness, or currency of the content of this work.

This work is no substitute for individual patient assessment based upon healthcare professionals examination of each patient and consideration of, among other things, age, weight, gender, current or prior medical conditions, medication history, laboratory data, and other factors unique to the patient. The publisher does not provide medical advice or guidance, and this work is merely a reference tool. Healthcare professionals, and not the publisher, are solely responsible for the use of this work including all medical judgments and for any resulting diagnosis and treatments.

Given continuous, rapid advances in medical science and health information, independent professional verification of medical diagnoses, indications, appropriate pharmaceutical selections and dosages, and treatment options should be made and healthcare professionals should consult a variety of sources. When prescribing medication, healthcare professionals are advised to consult the product information sheet (the manufacturers package insert) accompanying each drug to verify, among other things, conditions of use, warnings, and side effects and identify any changes in dosage schedule or contraindications, particularly if the medication to be administered is new, infrequently used, or has a narrow therapeutic range. To the maximum extent permitted under applicable law, no responsibility is assumed by the publisher for any injury and/or damage to persons or property as a matter of products liability, negligence law or otherwise, or from any reference to or use by any person of this work.

LWW.com

Anupriya Agarwal, PhD

Research Assistant Professor

The Knight Cancer Center

Oregon Health & Science University

Portland, Oregon

Bharat B. Aggarwal, PhD

Professor of Cancer Research

Professor of Cancer Medicine (Biochemistry)

Chief, Cytokine Research Laboratory

Department of Experimental Therapeutics

The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center

Houston, Texas

Matthew L. Anderson, MD, PhD, FACOG

Assistant Professor

Division of Gynecology Oncology

Director of Clinical Research (Gynecology)

Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology

Research Member, Dan L. Duncan Cancer Center

Baylor College of Medicine

Houston, Texas

Cristina R. Antonescu, MD

Attending Pathologist, Department of Pathology

Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center

Director, Bone and Soft Tissue Pathology

New York, New York

Luiz Henrique de Lima Araujo, MD, MSc

Postdoctoral Researcher

James Cancer Center

The Ohio State University Medical Center

Columbus, Ohio

Jennifer E. Axilbund, MS, CGC

Cancer Risk Assessment Program

The Johns Hopkins Hospital

Baltimore, Maryland

Alberto Bardelli, MD

Laboratory of Molecular Genetics

Institute for Cancer Research and Treatment

University of Torino Medical School

Candiolo, Italy

Bryan L. Betz, PhD

Assistant Professor

Department of Pathology

University of Michigan

Technical Director

Molecular Diagnostics Laboratory

University of Michigan Health System

Ann Arbor, Michigan

Michael J. Birrer, MD, PhD

Professor, Department of Medicine

Harvard Medical School

Director, Gynecologic Cancers Disease Center

Massachusetts General Hospital

Leader, Gynecologic Cancer Program

Dana-Farber Cancer Institute

Boston, Massachusetts

James S. Blachly, MD

Fellow, Division of Hematology

Department of Internal Medicine

The Ohio State University

Columbus, Ohio

Danielle C. Bonadies, MS, CGC

Director, Cancer Genetics Division

Gene Counsel, LLC

New Haven, Connecticut

Christopher B. Buck, PhD

Investigator

Head, Tumor Virus Molecular Biology Section

Laboratory of Cellular Oncology

Center for Cancer Research

National Cancer Institute

Bethesda, Maryland

John C. Byrd, MD

D. Warren Brown Chair of Leukemia Research

Director, Division of Hematology

Department of Internal Medicine

The Ohio State Comprehensive Cancer Center

Columbus, Ohio

David P. Carbone, MD, PhD

Barbara J. Bonner Chair in Lung Cancer Research

Professor of Medicine

Director, James Thoracic Center

James Cancer Center

The Ohio State University Medical Center

Columbus, Ohio

Thomas E. Carey, PhD

Professor of Otolaryngology and Pharmacology

Associate Chair for Research

Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery

Co-Director-Head and Neck Oncology Program

Comprehensive Cancer Center

The University of Michigan School of Medicine

Ann Arbor, Michigan

Jan Cerny, MD, PhD

Assistant Professor of Medicine

Division of Hematology

Department of Medicine

Director, Leukemia Program