Langley-Evans - Nutrition health and disease: a lifespan approach

1. Chapter 01
2. Chapter 02
3. Chapter 03
4. Chapter 04
5. Chapter 05
6. Chapter 06
7. Chapter 07
8. Chapter 08
9. Chapter 09
10. Appendix

1. Chapter 01
2. Chapter 02
3. Chapter 03
4. Chapter 04
5. Chapter 05
6. Chapter 06
7. Chapter 07
8. Chapter 08
9. Chapter 09
10. Appendix

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Simon Langley-Evans, BSc, PhD, DSc, PGCHE, RNutr, FAfN

School of Biosciences

University of Nottingham

SECOND EDITION

This edition first published 2009 2015 by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd

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Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data

Langley-Evans, S. C., author.
[Nutrition]
Nutrition health and disease : a lifespan approach / Simon C. Langley-Evans. Second edition.
p. ; cm.
Preceded by Nutrition : a lifespan approach / Simon Langley-Evans. 1st ed. 2009.
Includes bibliographical references and index.

ISBN 978-1-118-90709-2 (pbk. : alk. paper)
I.Title.
[DNLM: 1.Nutritional Physiological Phenomena. 2.Growth and Developmentphysiology. 3.Nutrition Assessment. QU 145]
QP141
612.3dc23

2015006387

A catalogue record for this book is available from the British Library.

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The modern science of nutrition has arisen from humble beginnings, moving from a poorly respected side-shoot of many older established disciplines, such as biochemistry and physiology, to become an active entity in its own right. Nutrition is now rightly seen as being at the forefront of modern understanding of health and disease. It receives constant attention in the media and is highly visible as a clinical, educational and societal issue. Many of the established academics in the field have come to nutrition tangentially through many disparate routes, usually becoming immersed in the subject through research interests based in other fields. My own background was in biochemistry and microbiology, and my early interest in nutrition came from tantalizing, but sadly vague, mentions in textbooks that suggested that key processes such as the development of cancers might be, regulated by nutrition.

The lack of specific nutrition training of the current crop of academics in the field reflects the fact that 2030 years ago there were no degree courses in the subject. Interest in nutrition has increased exponentially since the early 1990s, and it is pleasing to see that degrees in nutrition have blossomed across all regions. In the United Kingdom alone, a prospective undergraduate considering training in nutrition will enter a competitive market, with a choice of over 250 university courses with a nutrition component. Nutrition is now rightly recognized as a key element in the training of all health professionals.

But what is nutrition? Everyone in the field may hold a different view which is shaped by their own specialism and the networks that the work within. In my view it is a hybrid subject which crosses over disciplines as disparate as politics and economics (which are the global drivers determining the food security of populations), food science and agriculture, the social sciences, psychology and sociology (which govern eating behaviours and food choices of individuals), biochemistry, physiology, medicine and pharmacology. The second edition of this book aims to provide a basic text for undergraduate students in all disciplines that impinge upon the nutritional sciences, including those training as health professionals as well as those reading nutrition as their core subject. It covers nutrition from a range of perspectives including those of the physiologist, the molecular biologist and the public health nutritionist. I have mostly assumed that the reader will have an understanding of the basics of the subject, and have focused my attention upon how nutrition-related factors shape human health and disease across all stages of the life course. This second edition, however, has an appendix with basic material (the general properties, classification and chemical nature of the nutrients) to assist readers coming at the subject from other backgrounds.