Janette R. Thompson - Prairies, forests, and wetlands: the restoration of natural landscape communities in Iowa
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Prairies, forests, and wetlands: the restoration of natural landscape communities in Iowa
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Prairies, Forests, and Wetlands : The Restoration of Natural Landscape Communities in Iowa Bur Oak Original
author
:
Thompson, Janette R.
publisher
:
University of Iowa Press
isbn10 | asin
:
0877453721
print isbn13
:
9780877453727
ebook isbn13
:
9781587292385
language
:
English
subject
Restoration ecology--Iowa, Natural history--Iowa.
publication date
:
1992
lcc
:
QH105.I8T46 1992eb
ddc
:
333.73/153/09777
subject
:
Restoration ecology--Iowa, Natural history--Iowa.
Page iii
Prairies, Forests, and Wetlands
The Restoration of Natural Landscape Communities in Iowa
by Janette R. Thompson
Foreword by John A. Pearson
University of Iowa Press Iowa City
Page iv
University of Iowa Press, Iowa City 52242 Copyright 1992 by the University of Iowa Press All rights reserved Printed in the United States of America
Design by Karen Copp
No part of this book may be reproduced or utilized in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying and recording, without permission in writing from the publisher.
Library of Congress Cataloging-in Publication Data
Thompson, Janette R. Prairies, forests, and wetlands: the restoration of natural landscape communities in Iowa/by Janette R. Thompson; foreword by John A. Pearson. p. cm.(A Bur oak original) Includes bibliographical references and index. ISBN 0-87745-372-1 (cloth), ISBN 0-87745-371-3 (pbk.) 1. Restoration ecologyIowa. 2. Natural historyIowa. I. Title. II. Series. QH105.I8T46 1992 333.73' 153'09777dc20 92-9457 CIP
Page v
Contents
Foreword
by John A. Pearson
vii
Acknowledgments
ix
1. Iowa's Natural Landscape Communities
1
2. Prairie Restoration in Iowa
7
3. Forest Restoration in Iowa
42
4. Wetland Restoration in Iowa
78
Epilogue
103
Appendix 1. Prairie Seed and Plant Sources
105
Appendix 2. Tree Nurseries and Seed Dealers in Iowa
107
Appendix 3. Wetland Seed and Plant Sources
113
Appendix 4. District Foresters
114
Bibliography
115
Index
131
Page vii
Foreword
BY JOHN A. PEARSON
Iowa is the "beautiful land," once covered by a continuous mosaic of prairies, savannas, forests, and wetlands and now famous worldwide for its bountiful harvest of crops and livestock. This success has not been without cost: natural areas in the heartland have been pushed almost entirely off of the biggest, flattest, most fertile lands and generally persist today only where it is too steep, too rocky, too dry, too wet, or too isolated to plant crops, graze livestock, construct roads, or build houses. Because deep, fertile, gently rolling soils are so prevalent in our state, this means that remaining natural areaswith some notable exceptions such as the Loess Hills and the more rugged parts of extreme northeast Iowatend to be small and far apart.
One of the consequences of this situation is that plants and animals which depend on natural areas face an uncertain future due to isolation as well as simple lack of habitat. Lacking wings or long legs, small mammals, amphibians, and reptiles might be unable to colonize an empty patch of suitable habitat simply because they "can't get there from here" across broad expanses of inhospitable territory. Among plants, some species such as orchids may be represented by only one or a few individuals within a single small patch, meaning that opportunities for pollination must rely upon the proximity of other patches. Without neighbors, small, isolated populations become what biologist Daniel Janzen has called "the living dead," slated to disappear when the current generation eventually dies off.
Conservation of natural areas and their associated biological diversity depends on two fundamental tools: keeping the natural areas that remain and replacing at least some of those that have been lost. Keeping natural areas involves a spectrum of activities generally termed "protection and management," including purchase of land by conservation agencies and wise stewardship of natural lands in both public and private sectors, all focused on maintaining or im-
Page viii
proving existing natural areas. Replacing natural areas means putting a prairie, a forest, or a wetland where it is presently nonexistent, such as a vacant lot, an abandoned field, or a drained basin... it is what Janette Thompson calls "reconstruction."
This book is about reconstructing the elements of Iowa's natural landscape. Reconstruction can contribute to solutions to the problems of isolation and habitat shortage by creating new patches to serve as permanent homes for plants and animals and also by placing "stepping stones" and corridors between widely separated natural patches. The style of reconstruction promoted by this book is as important as its content: Thompson emphasizes the need for
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