Brownell Kelly D. - Food and addiction: a comprehensive handbook

FOOD AND ADDICTION

Oxford University Press is a department of the University of Oxford. It furthers the Universitys objective of excellence in research, scholarship, and education by publishing worldwide.

Oxford New York
Auckland Cape Town Dar es Salaam Hong Kong Karachi
Kuala Lumpur Madrid Melbourne Mexico City Nairobi
New Delhi Shanghai Taipei Toronto

With offices in
Argentina Austria Brazil Chile Czech Republic France Greece
Guatemala Hungary Italy Japan Poland Portugal Singapore
South Korea Switzerland Thailand Turkey Ukraine Vietnam

Oxford is a registered trademark of Oxford University Press in the UK and certain other countries.

Published in the United States of America by
Oxford University Press
198 Madison Avenue, New York, NY 10016

Oxford University Press 2012

All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted, in any form or by any means, without the prior permission in writing of Oxford University Press, or as expressly permitted by law, by license, or under terms agreed with the appropriate reproduction rights organization. Inquiries concerning reproduction outside the scope of the above should be sent to the Rights Department, Oxford University Press, at the address above.

You must not circulate this work in any other form and you must impose this same condition on any acquirer.

Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data
Food and addiction: a comprehensive handbook/edited
By Kelly D. Brownell, Mark S. Gold.1st ed.
p. cm.
Includes bibliographical references.
ISBN 9780199738168
1. Eating disorders. 2. Eating disordersAnimal models. 3. Obesity.
4. Compulsive eating. 5. Drug abuseTreatment.
I. Brownell, Kelly D. II. Gold, Mark S.
RC552.E18F65 2012
616.8526dc23
2011048217

1 3 5 7 9 8 6 4 2

Printed in the United States of America on acid-free paper

For our wonderful, kind and talented children, Kristy, Kevin, and Matthew; and Steve, Katie, Kimberly, Dan, Kyle, and Jessica

Kelly Brownell & Mark Gold

ACKNOWLEDGMENTS

There are many important people to thank and acknowledge in the development of this book. We offer special thanks to our colleagues who attended the historic Yale Conference on Food and Addiction held in 2007. This conference brought together the worlds experts and debated the strength, weaknesses, and merits of the addiction hypothesis. The very experts from the nutrition, neurobiology, endocrinology, obesity, and addiction fields who came together to discuss this developing concept are represented in this volume. The meeting was a first and gave many in the field a new sense of confidence that this topic deserved much more study and attention. Their intellectual input at a critical stage of our journey was very helpful.

Kelly Brownells colleagues at the Rudd Center for Food Policy and Obesity at Yale have been instrumental in the intellectual work that encompasses the topic of food and addiction. Marlene Schwartz, deputy director of the Rudd Center, and Rebecca Puhl, director of research, have helped lead a legion of top-rate people working on various aspects of obesity prevention and have been highly supportive of this work. Similarly, Mark Golds colleagues at the McKnight Brain Institute and the University of Florida College of Medicine deserve much of the credit for the bench-to-bedside program in food and addiction discovery that exists at U.F. today.

Nicole Novak of the Rudd Center and Paula Edge at U.F. have been invaluable in the editorial work on this book. Countless details, editing, and other organizational issues were central to having this book published. Nicole and Paula were there at every stage of the process and were outstanding in every way.

Mark Gold was working on this area on and off for 30 years. Kelly Brownell is newer to the topic of food and addiction and would like to thank two colleagues, Ashley Gearhart and William Corbin, for their role in helping this interest develop. The idea of food addiction was no more than that, an idea, until Ashley, then a graduate student at Yale, and Will, then a psychology department colleague at Yale, began collaborating with him on this topic. Kelly and the Rudd Center reached out to Mark, and a long-term friendship and collaboration began. A wonderful line of research was born, Ashleys career on food addiction was launched, and a wonderful series of collaborative relationships developed.

We thank our families and friends for supporting our scholarly work. Most important, we thank the authors of the chapters in this book. All are leading scholars and have great demands on their time. We appreciate that they found this book compelling enough to contribute.

CONTRIBUTORS

Serge H. Ahmed, PhD

Research Director, CNRS

Institute of Neurogenerative Diseases

University of Bordeaux

Bordeaux, France

Louis J. Aronne, MD

Clinical Professor of Medicine

Weill-Cornell Medical College

Cornell University

New York, NY

Nicole M. Avena, PhD

Research Assistant Professor of Psychiatry

College of Medicine

University of Florida

Gainesville, FL

Colleen L. Barry, PhD

Associate Professor

Department of Health Policy and Management

Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health

Baltimore, MD

Jessica R. Barson, PhD

Postdoctoral Associate

Laboratory of Behavioral Neurobiology

The Rockefeller University

New York, NY

Linda M. Bartoshuk, PhD

Professor of Community Dentistry and Behavioral Sciences

Director of Human Research, UF Center for Smell and Taste

Member of Plant Innovation Program

College of Dentistry

University of Florida

Gainesville, FL

Hans-Rudolf Berthoud, PhD

Professor of Neurobiology and Nutrition

Pennington Biomedical Research Center

Louisiana State University System

Baton Rouge, LA

Elliott M. Blass, PhD

Professor of Psychology and Behavioral Neuroscience

University of Massachusetts

Amherst, MA

Daniel M. Blumenthal, MD, MBA

Resident in Internal Medicine

Massachusetts General Hospital

Harvard Medical School

Boston, MA

Kimberly Blumenthal, MD

Resident in Internal Medicine

Harvard Medical School

Massachusetts General Hospital

Boston, MA

John E. Blundell, PhD

Professor of Biopsychology

Institute of Psychological Sciences

Faculty of Medicine and Health

University of Leeds

Leeds, United Kingdom

Kelly D. Brownell, PhD

Professor of Psychology, Epidemiology, and Public Health

Director, Rudd Center for Food Policy and Obesity

Yale University

New Haven, CT

John Cawley, PhD

Professor of Policy Analysis and Management, and Economics

Cornell University

Ithaca, NY

Karishma Chandaria, MSc

Senior Policy Officer

Alzheimers Society

London, UK

Wendy K. Chung, MD, PhD

Assistant Professor of Pediatrics in Medicine

Director of Clinical Genetics Department of Pediatrics

Division of Molecular Genetics

College of Physicians and Surgeons

Columbia University

New York, NY

William R. Corbin, PhD