Brigitte Faugère - Anthropomorphic Imagery in the Mesoamerican Highlands: Gods, Ancestors, and Human Beings

EDITED BY

Brigitte Faugre AND Christopher S. Beekman

U NIVERSITY P RESS OF C OLORADO

Louisville

2020 by University Press of Colorado

Published by University Press of Colorado

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Louisville, Colorado 80027

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The University Press of Colorado is a cooperative publishing enterprise supported, in part, by Adams State University, Colorado State University, Fort Lewis College, Metropolitan State University of Denver, Regis University, University of Colorado, University of Northern Colorado, University of Wyoming, Utah State University, and Western Colorado University.

ISBN: 978-1-60732-994-7 (hardcover)

ISBN: 978-1-60732-995-4 (ebook)

https://doi.org/10.5876/9781607329954

Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data

Names: Faugre, Brigitte, editor. | Beekman, Christopher, editor.

Title: Anthropomorphic imagery in the Mesoamerican highlands : gods, ancestors, and human beings / edited by Brigitte Faugre and Christopher Beekman.

Other titles: Gods, ancestors, and human beings

Description: Louisville, Colorado : University Press of Colorado, [2019] | Includes bibliographical references and index.

Identifiers: LCCN 2019030034 (print) | LCCN 2019030035 (ebook) | ISBN 9781607329947 (cloth) | ISBN 9781607329954 (ebook)

Subjects: LCSH: Indian artMexico. | Anthropomorphism in art. | MexicoAntiquities.

Classification: LCC F1219.3.A7 A487 2019 (print) | LCC F1219.3.A7 (ebook) | DDC 972/.01dc23

LC record available at https://lccn.loc.gov/2019030034

LC ebook record available at https://lccn.loc.gov/2019030035

Cover image courtesy of the Art Institute of Chicago.

Brigitte Faugre and Christopher S. Beekman

Brigitte Faugre

Christopher S. Beekman

Melissa K. Logan

Marcus Winter

Gabriela Uruuela and Patricia Plunket

Andrew D. Turner

Claire Billard

Juliette Testard and Mari Carmen Serra Puche

Cynthia Kristan-Graham

Sylvie Peperstraete

Danile Dehouve

Archaeological Map of the Acmbaro Valley, Guanajuato

Chupcuaro figurines from San Cayetano

Chupcuaro-type figurines

Mungua-type figurine from La Tronera

Rayo-type figurine from Cuizillo Don Fidel

Hollow statuette from Louvre Museum

Some protagonists of the Cerro de la Cruz offering

San Cayetano burial

San Cayetano offering reconstruction

The animistic forces in the human body according to Lpez Austin

A horn headdress from Cuizillo Don Fidel

Heads of Chupcuaro figurines

Chupcuaro type with teeth

The earliest publication of western Mexican hollow figures

Watercolor by Adela Breton

Solid figurine holding staff with disk, and solid warrior figurine

Ceramic model of a guachimontn

Ceramic diorama with two opposing groups of warriors

Simplified guachimontn and pole ceremony

The Old Fire God, and a possible representation of the Wind God

Horned warrior facing left

Figure holding staff with disk

Figurine in dancing posture with noisemakers on legs

Hollow figure with a fixed fish mask

Warriors with animal on helmet

Details of three hollow figures with animal-skin hats

West Mexico

Ceramic figural pair of the Ixtln del Ro substyle

Design motifs identified on the clothing of the west Mexican figures

Cap-like head cover on figures in an Ameca-Etzatln pair

Zacatecas pair showing the two-horn head adornment of males

Ixtln del Ro pair showing a man (left) in the seated pose wearing a cape (200 BC AD 500)

Ixtln del Ro pair showing a third-gender figure

Example of an adolescentadult pair from the Ameca-Etzatln substyle

Example of an aged/emaciated pair from the Ixtln del Ro substyle

General view in the cave with the stream, terraces, and some sculptures

Location of San Isidro Huayapam in the Sierra Mixe of Oaxaca

Schematic plan and profile of the cave

The embracers sculpture

Trophy head painting

Jaguar and prey sculpture

The principal couple

Head of the principal male with jaguar features

Painting of head in profile, and drawing of a buccal mask

Ballgame sculpture

Painting of spotted rabbit and place sign

Sculpture of a woman with her legs spread

Jaguar sculpture

Crested iguana sculpture

Human bones at the south end of the cave

Map of the PueblaTlaxcala Valley

Middle through Terminal Formative female figurines from Cholula

Late and Terminal Formative male figurines from Tetimpa

Early Classic female figurines, UDLAP campus

Early Classic costumed and masked male figurines, UDLAP campus

Early Classic censers, UDLAP campus

Broken effigies from Cholulas elaborate Early Classic censers

Quadruped figurines, UDLAP campus

Non-combatant monkey figurines from Early Classic Cholula

Mobilization of grooved human and monkey quadruped figurines

Japanese sumo wrestlers

Mural fragment portraying the Teotihuacan Tlaloc

Late Postclassic representations of Tlaloc

Zoomorphic and anthropomorphic figures from Teotihuacan

The Teotihuacan Tlaloc (Tlaloc A)

The Teotihuacan Tlaloc and lightning bolts

Fangs, bigoteras, and forked tongues

Tlaloc jars and bundles

Compound symbols with the head of the Teotihuacan Tlaloc

The face of Tlaloc as a mask

The Mexican highlands and the location of Teotihuacan

Chronology of the Mexico Basin and Teotihuacan valley

Formative Old God effigy

Distribution of Classic-period Old God effigies

Map of central Teotihuacan

Classic pattern of representation of Old God effigies at Teotihuacan

An Old God brasero-effigy

Old God candle holder, ceramic

Xiuhtecuhtli as an old man

A Xiuhtecuhtli-Huehueteotl from the Templo Mayor

Moctezuma wearing a Xiuhtecuhtli costume

Selected Mesoamerican sites mentioned in the text

Different types of quechquemitl among Xochitcatl figurines

Woman with child

Pregnant woman, Offering 3, Flowers Pyramid

Pregnant woman, Offering 5, Flowers Pyramid

Articulated figurine

Life cycle of Xochitcatl women

Old woman

Skin serpent and xicalcoliuhqui motif on skirt of figurine

Enthroned figurine with quechquemitl

Campeche A figurine

Characteristic gesture of Rio Blanco Papaloapan figurines

Xochitcatl figurine headdress in relationship with Tlazolteotl

Distribution of figurine type by offering

Headdresses showing the bleeding flower glyph

Huehue drummer

Figurine showing perforations

Rattle figurine

Southern Hidalgo, the Tula region, and archaeological sites discussed

Reliefs, Tula Grande and Tula Chico

Figures with name glyphs, Pyramid B, Tula Grande

Pillar from Pyramid B, Tula Grande

View, Tula Grande

Plan, Tula Grande

Plan, Building 3, Tula Grande

Detail, section of the coatepantli, Tula Grande

Representative pair of figures from Tula Grande

Plan, Central House Group courtyard, Tula Grande