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Mark Traugott - The French Worker: Autobiographies from the Early Industrial Era

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This anthology, drawn from the autobiographies of seven men and women whose lives span the nineteenth century, provides a rare glimpse of the everyday lives of workers in the age of early industrialization in France. Appearing for the first time in English, these stories vividly convey the ambitions, hardships, and reversals of ordinary people struggling to gain a measure of respectability.The workers livelihoods are diverse: chair-maker, embroiderer, joiner, mason, silk weaver, machinist, seamstress. Their stories of daily activities, work life, and popular politics are filled with lively, often poignant moments. We learn of dismal, unsanitary housing; of disease; workplace accidents; and terrible hardship, especially for the children of the poor. We read of exploitation and injustice, of courtship and marriage, and of the sociability of the wine-merchants shop and the boardinghouse.Traugotts analytic introduction discusses the many shifts in French society during the nineteenth century. Used in combination with other sources, these autobiographies illuminate the relationship between changes in working conditions and in the forms of political participation and protest occurring as the century came to a close.

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title The French Worker Autobiographies From the Early Industrial Era - photo 1

title:The French Worker : Autobiographies From the Early Industrial Era
author:Traugott, Mark.
publisher:University of California Press
isbn10 | asin:0520079329
print isbn13:9780520079328
ebook isbn13:9780585082400
language:English
subjectWorking class--France--Biography, Working class--France--History--19th century, Occupations--France--History--19th century.
publication date:1993
lcc:HD8433.A1F74 1993eb
ddc:331.7/00944
subject:Working class--France--Biography, Working class--France--History--19th century, Occupations--France--History--19th century.
Page iii
The French Worker
Autobiographies from the Early Industrial Era
Edited, Translated, and with an Introduction by
Mark Traugott
University of California Press
BERKELEY LOS ANGELES LONDON
Page iv
University of California Press
Berkeley and Los Angeles, California
University of California Press, Ltd.
London, England
1993 by
The Regents of the University of California
Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data
The French worker : autobiographies from the early industrial era /
edited, translated, and with an introduction by Mark Traugott.
p. cm.
Includes bibliographical references.
ISBN 0-520-07931-0 (alk. paper). ISBN 0-520-07932-9 (alk. paper : pbk.)
1. Working classFranceBiography. 2. Working class
FranceHistory19th century. 3. OccupationsFrance
History19th century. I. Traugott, Mark.
HD8433.A1F74 1993
331.7'00944dc20 92-6310
CIP
Printed in the United States of America
9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2
The paper used in this publication meets the minimum requirements of
American National Standard for Information SciencesPermanence of
Paper for Printed Library Materials, ANSI Z39.48-1984.Picture 2
Page v
Contents
List of Illustrations
vii
Preface and Acknowledgments
ix
Introduction
1
1.
Jacques Etienne Bd: A Worker in 1820
47
2.
Suzanne Voilquin: Recollections of a Daughter of the People
92
3.
Agricol Perdiguier: Memoirs of a Compagnon
116
4.
Martin Nadaud: Memoirs of Lonard, a Former Mason's Assistant
183
5.
Norbert Truquin: Memoirs and Adventures of a Proletarian in Times of Revolution
250
6.
Jean-Baptiste Dumay: Memoirs of a Militant Worker from Le Creusot
309
7.
Jeanne Bouvier: My Memoirs
336

Page vii
Illustrations
Map
France: Departments of authors' births and other places mentioned in the texts
3
Figures (following page 182)
Wood turners' shop with treadle-powered lathe
Wood turners' shop, planks being split and stored
Midday meal at a working-class cabaret, 1856
A young woman departs from her native village for the city
Joiners' workshop
Compagnonnage: Arrival at the Mother
Compagnonnage: The roller and the new hire
Compagnonnage: The new hire pays for a round of drinks
Compagnonnage: The departure
Seasonal migrants head for Paris
Construction site
A mason and his assistant
Open market, itinerant peddlers, Paris
Navvies at work
A weaver at his loom
Le Creusot in the nineteenth century
Smelting in an iron foundry
Embroiderers working at home
A laundress at work

Page ix
Preface and Acknowledgments
Much of the challenge of putting together a volume of this kind comes from the fact that the sources date from another era, are the product of another culture, and were written in another language than our own. These overlays of difference are what make the life stories of nineteenth-century French workers both intriguing and instructive. They also raise continual questions about the meaning these authors intended to convey and about what sense we, as inhabitants of another place and time, are able to make of their words.
Fortunately, the task of translation is made easier by the fact that these worker-authors relate their stories with few stylistic pretensions. Still, as spare and simple as their prose may be, there are a few conventions that are likely to prove discordant to the modern ear. The tendency to repeat key words, phrases, and even whole incidents (most apparent in the texts by Bd and Truquin) is at times reminiscent of the use of the refrain in popular songs or poems. I have tried to omit redundant passages, particularly when they seemed to interrupt the flow of the narrative, without eliminating altogether an element of style that suggests how closely the writing of working-class authors remained tied to an essentially oral tradition.
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