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Peter Anthony White - Psychological metaphysics (International library of psychology)

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The research literature on causal attribution and social cognition generally consists of many fascinating but fragmented and superficial phenomena. These can only be understood as an organised whole by elucidating the fundamental psychological assumptions on which they depend. Psychological Metaphysics is an exploration of the most basic and important assumptions in the psychological construction of reality, with the aim of showing what they are, how they originate, and what they are there for. Peter White proposes that people basically understand causation in terms of stable, special powers of things operating to produce effects under suitable conditions. This underpins an analysis of peoples understanding of causal processes in the physical world, and of human action. In making a radical break with the Heiderian tradition, Psychological Metaphysics suggests that causal attribution is in the service of the persons practical concerns and any interest in accuracy or understanding is subservient to this. Indeed, a notion of regularity in the world is of no more than minor importance, and social cognition is not a matter of cognitive mechanisms or processes but of cultural ways of thinking imposed upon tacit, unquestioned, universal assumptions.

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title Psychological Metaphysics International Library of Psychology - photo 1
title:Psychological Metaphysics International Library of Psychology
author:White, Peter A.
publisher:Taylor & Francis Routledge
isbn10 | asin:
print isbn13:9780203419014
ebook isbn13:9780585448954
language:English
subjectSocial perception--Philosophy, Metaphysics--Psychological aspects, Knowledge, Sociology of, Attribution (Psychology) , Concepts, Psychology--Philosophy
publication date:1993
lcc:BF323.S63.W48 1993eb
ddc:150/.1
subject:Social perception--Philosophy, Metaphysics--Psychological aspects, Knowledge, Sociology of, Attribution (Psychology) , Concepts, Psychology--Philosophy

Page i

Psychological metaphysics

The research literature on causal attribution and social cognition generally consists of many fascinating but fragmented and superficial phenomena. These can only be understood as an organised whole by elucidating the fundamental psychological assumptions on which they depend. Psychological Metaphysics is an exploration of the most basic and important assumptions in the psychological construction of reality, with the aim of showing what they are, how they originate, and what they are there for.

Peter A.White proposes that people basically understand causation in terms of stable, specific powers of things operating to produce effects under suitable conditions. This underpins an analysis of peoples understanding of causal processes in the physical word and of human action, which makes a radical break with the Heiderian tradition.

Psychological Metaphysics suggests that causal attribution is in the service of the persons practical concerns and any interest in accuracy or understanding is subservient to this. A notion of regularity in the world is of no more than minor importance in causal attribution, and social cognition is not so much a matter of cognitive mechanisms or processes but more of cultural ways of thinking imposed upon tacit, unquestioned, universal assumptions.

Psychological Metaphysics incorporates not only research and theory in social cognition and developmental psychology, but also philosophy and the history of ideas. It will be challenging to everyone interested in how we try to understand the world.

Peter A.White is a Lecturer in Psychology at the University of Wales College of Cardiff.

Page ii

International Library of Psychology

A Transformational Theory of Aesthetics

Michael Stephan

Inference and Understanding

A Philosophical and Psychological Perspective

K.I.Manktelow and D.E.Over

Selective Attention in Vision

A.H.C.van der Heijden

Classroom Non-Verbal Communication

Sean Neill

Page iii

Psychological metaphysics

Peter A.White

Picture 2

London and New York

Page iv

First published in 1993
by Routledge
11 New Fetter Lane, London EC4P 4EE

This edition published in the Taylor & Francis e-Library, 2003.

Simultaneously published in the USA and Canada
by Routledge
29 West 35th Street, New York, NY 10001

1993 Peter A.White

All rights reserved. No part of this book may be reprinted
or reproduced or utilized in any form or by any
electronic, mechanical, or other means, now known or
hereafter invented, including photocopying and
recording, or in any information storage or retrieval
system, without permission in writing from the
publishers.

British Library Cataloguing in Publication Data
A catalogue record for this book is available from the British Library.

Library of Congress Cataloging in Publication Data
White, Peter A. (Peter Anthony), 1954
Psychological metaphysics/Peter A.White
p. cm.(International library of psychology)
Includes bibliographical references and index.
1. Social PerceptionPhilosophy. 2. MetaphysicsPsychological
aspects. 3. Knowledge, Sociology of. 4. Attribution (Psychology)
5. Concepts. I. Title. II. Series.
BF323.S63.W48 1993
150.1dc20 9224480
CIP

ISBN 0-203-41901-4 Master e-book ISBN

ISBN 0-203-30863-8 (OEB Format)

ISBN 0-415-08331-1 (Print Edition)

Page v

For Sara

Page vi

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Page vii

Contents

List of figures and tables

viii

Preface

ix

Introduction to psychological metaphysics

Part 1
General psychological metaphysics

Practical concerns and lay judgement

The nature of basicity in the psychological construction of reality

Foundations: basic categories and basic particulars

Why regularity information is not basic to causal understanding

The causal powers theory of causal processing

Origins and development of basic causal concepts

Part 2
Psychological metaphysics of the physical world

Fundamental assumptions about the nature of order in the physical world

Causal relations in the physical world

Causal order in nature

Part 3
Psychological metaphysics of the mind

The concept of action

Formation of beliefs about the mind

Implications for research in causal attribution

The battleground of the mind

Judgement and feelings

Summary and comments

References

Name index

Subject index

Page viii

Figures and tables
FIGURES

3.1

Hypothetical construction of reality showing relations of existential dependence

8.1

Diagram of levels in the natural order

10.1

The causal hierarchy, study 1

10.2

The causal hierarchy, study 2

15.1

Schematic diagram of types of judgemental sequence

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