Hona Black - He Iti te Kupu: Māori Metaphors and Similes

Published by Oratia Books, Oratia Media Ltd, 783 West Coast Road, Oratia, Auckland 0604, New Zealand (www.oratia.co.nz).

Copyright 2021 Hona Black

Copyright 2021 Oratia Books (published work)

The copyright holder asserts his moral rights in the work.

This book is copyright. Except for the purposes of fair reviewing, no part of this publication may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means, whether electronic, digital or mechanical, including photocopying, recording, any digital or computerised format, or any information storage and retrieval system, including by any means via the Internet, without permission in writing from the publisher. Infringers of copyright render themselves liable to prosecution.

ISBN 978-0-947506-91-9

Ebook ISBN 978-1-99-004205-8

The publisher acknowledges the generous support of Creative New Zealand for this publication.

Mori Language Editor: Darryn Joseph

Proofreader: Kanapu Rangitauira

First published 2021

Printed in China

This bilingual book is in te reo Mori and English. In this ebook version, the Mori text comes first, followed by the English. The link for the English language contents page is .

Kai ng uri o te reo Mori, koutou e whakamomori nei ki t ttau reo rangatira, e manawa nui nei ki na whakatakotoranga maha, tn koutou kua tahuri mai ai koutou mata kia kainga ng kai o te pukapuka nei. Otir, ko ng kai a roto, me k, he oha n ng tpuna, ka mutu, he mea whao i ng kete krero tn, tn, ka ta nanao ki ng whrangi o te pukapuka nei.

M te hunga kaha ki te kai pukapuka, kua kite an pea koutou i tahi o ng kupu whakarite nei e takoto ana i pukapuka k. Koutou kua roa e noho ana ki ng rekereke o ng pkeke, o ng kaumtua krero Mori, kua rangona pea nei kupu e rere ana i ng pae krero, i ng wharekai, i ng kinga an hoki. Heoi an, kai konei pea he whakaaro an hei pititanga atu ki r, he horopaki rerek pea hai whina me kore noa e mrama kehokeho ai te wairua o nei kupu.

Otir, ko t te pukapuka nei he whakakotahi i ng krero kia ngwari ake pea te hkoinga a te konga reo Mori ki te whakarkei i te mata o tna arero. E whakamharo tonu ana au ki ttau tpuna me t rtau whakaahua i te ao i noho ai rtau. Ko rtau hoki te hunga i ngotengote i te wai o te reo waiwai, i rongo ki te h o te penupenu o rtau m, ki te taiao e karanga atu ana, kai aku uri o te reo, ko au te whao, ko te ngutu tangata te toki. N reira, e hoa m, kia rere te whao o te taiao, kia haramai t toki, ko te reo Mori! Haumie, ! Hui, ! Tiki, !

Ko te ingoa o tnei pukapuka, ka mutu, ko tna whakaroanga atu, i ahu mai i te whakatauk, he iti te kupu, he nui te krero. Koia te whakatinanatanga o ng kai o te pukapuka nei, me k, o ng kupu whakarite. Heoi an, ko ng ptai pea e tautau ana i ng ngutu o tahi ko nei; he aha r tnei mea te kupu whakarite?, he aha ia ng w e tika ana kia whakamahia?, he rerek an te kupu whakarite ki te huahuatau? A kti, he nui ng whakamrama m nei mea m te kupu whakarite, m te huahuatau. Me k pea ko te whakawhititanga ko te whakaahua, ko te whakataurite i ng whanonga, i te hua o te tangata, o te horopaki rnei ki tahi huatanga k (i te nuinga o te w n te taiao).

Kai te hua o te whakatakotoranga te rerek o te kupu whakarite ki te huahuatau. In whakamahia ai ng rerenga taurite pnei i te n nei, me he rnei, kua kia he kupu whakarite. Heoi an, ka kore nei, kua kia he huahuatau k. Heoi an, he rite te wairua o ng mea e rua nei, ka mutu, he wairua whakataurite rua. Ki tahi, ahakoa ng rerektanga o te kupu whakarite ki te huahuatau, ko te kupu whakarite tonu te kupu ka whakamahia hai whakaahua i ng mea e rua nei, , ka kia nei huatanga reo, he kpeha. M tnei pukapuka, ka noho ko te kupu whakarite hai krero, hai whakaahua i nei mea e rua.

Kai tn iwi, kai tn iwi na kupu whakarite me na whakatakotoranga e hngai ana ki te taiao e noho nei ia. Kua kaha ake pea te whakamahia o ng kupu whakarite m Tne ki ng iwi noho ngahere. Kua pr hoki te whakamahia o ng kupu whakarite o te moana m ng iwi e mhio nei ki a Tangaroa. Ka mutu, he w tna ka kawa te whakamahinga o ng kupu whakarite, he w hoki tna ka paki te whakamahinga. Kai te wairua o te tuku, kai te horopaki hoki te tikanga. Heoi an, kore e kapi i te pukapuka kotahi nei ng kupu whakarite katoa o te ao Mori. E kao! I te nui o nei kupu whakarite, he tmatatanga noa iho tnei, ka mutu, he hkoinga mutunga kore. He nui ng kupu whakarite e whakamahia tonutia ana e hngai ana ki te taiao onamata o ng tpuna. Heoi an, ka huri te ao, me huri an ko te reo me na kupu whakarite hai whakaahua i tnei ao hurihuri. Ahakoa ka kore pea t ttau reo e tata atu ki r o ng reiputa o nehenehe ao, he mea whakakao ng kai a roto o te pukapuka nei me kore noa ttau e rongo, e whakatata atu ki te h o ttau tpuna e iri mai ana i ng kupu whakarite i waiho mai e rtau m. Ka mutu, m te waihanga kupu whakarite hou ka ora ai te reo ki anamata.

Ka kite nei koutou, he rauemi reo rua tnei. Ka haere tahi te reo Mori me na whakamramatanga i te reo Ingarihi i ttahi taha, kia rite ki tr krero a Nopera Te Herekau, i tana tuhinga atu ki te niupepa Te Wnanga i te tau 1878:

ka utaina e koe ki ttahi niao, he Mori, ki ttahi niao, he Pkeh, kia rite ai te hoe a ng kanohi, i tana papa, i tana papa. (TW, 1878, 5)

Heoi an, kore i whakapkeh -kupu ng krero, engari i whakapkeh k i te wairua o ng krero. I pr an te whakapkeh i tahi kupu whakarite i tahi whi. He whanga whakamrama t ia kupu whakarite, , ka whai mai ko ng rerenga e rua hai whakatauira i na whakamahinga i ng horopaki rerek.

Me k an i konei, kua oti k i tn, i tn ng kupu whakarite te wnanga, te tuhituhi, te krero. Ko tku noa iho he whao i ng krero ki ng whrangi o te pukapuka kotahi nei me kore noa e ngwari ake te tiki atu i ng krero a rtau m. N reira e mihi ana ki ng puna e whai ake nei i wherawheratia me kore noa e hintore ai he paku mramatanga:

Learners of te reo Mori and those of you that hunger for our treasured language and its many structures, greetings to you who have reached for this book, that you may feast on its food. The literary sustenance within is bequeathed to us by our ancestors and has been gathered from the baskets of many, compiled, and placed with care on these pages.

You might have come across some of these kupu whakarite (metaphors and similes) in other books. For those raised at the feet of your Mori-speaking elders, you might have heard these words spoken from the orators bench, in the dining room and in the home. My hope is that this work will offer additional usages of kupu whakarite that may further illuminate the meaning of these words.