Table of Contents
Guide
Published in the United States of America by
Cherry Lake Publishing
Ann Arbor, Michigan
www.cherrylakepublishing.com
Content Adviser: Amelia Wenk Gotwals, Ph.D., Associate Professor of Science Education, Michigan State University
Reading Adviser: Marla Conn MS, Ed., Literacy specialist, Read-Ability, Inc.
Photo Credits: Dragon Images/Shutterstock Images, cover; Darren Baker/Shutterstock Images, 4; Bettmann/Contributor/
Getty Images, 6; Everett Historical/Shutterstock Images, 8, 10; David Litman/Shutterstock Images, 12; Will And Deni
McIntyre/Contributor/Getty Images, 14; National Science Foundation/Wikimedia (EricSerge), 16; Rigucci/Shutterstock
Images, 18; Monkey Business Images/Shutterstock Images, 20
Copyright 2017 by Cherry Lake Publishing
All rights reserved. No part of this book may be reproduced or utilized in any
form or by any means without written permission from the publisher.
Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data
Names: Labrecque, Ellen.
Title: Gertrude B. Elion and pharmacology / by Ellen Labrecque.
Description: Ann Arbor : Cherry Lake Publishing, 2017. | Series: 21st century junior library | Series: Women innovators |
Audience: K to grade 3. | Includes bibliographical references and index.
Identifiers: LCCN 2016029706| ISBN 9781634721820 (hardcover) | ISBN 9781634722483 (pdf) |
ISBN 9781634723145 (pbk.) | ISBN 9781634723800 (ebook)
Subjects: LCSH: Elion, Gertrude B.Juvenile literature. | PharmacologistsUnited StatesBiographyJuvenile literature. |
Women biochemistsUnited StatesBiographyJuvenile literature. | Women medical scientistsUnited States
BiographyJuvenile literature. | Women Nobel Prize winnersUnited StatesBiography. | Nobel Prize winners
United StatesBiography.
Classification: LCC RM62.E43 L33 2017 | DDC 615.1092 [B]dc23
LC record available at https://lccn.loc.gov/2016029706
ISBN-13 978-1-68444-499-1 (ebook)
Cherry Lake Publishing would like to acknowledge the work of The Partnership for 21st Century Skills.
Please visit www.p21.org for more information.
Printed in the United States of America
Corporate Graphics
Synchred Read-Along Version by:
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Prior Lake, MN 55372
CONTENTS
Scientists play a very important role in treating and curing diseases.
A Woman
Have you taken medicine when you were
sick? Did it make you feel better? Scientists
create these medicines, or drugs, to help
people get well.
Gertrude B. Elion was one of these
scientists. She helped make drugs that
fight many diseases, including cancer !
Gertrude grew up with a thirst for knowledge.
Gertrude Belle Elion was born on
January 23, 1918, in New York City.
Gertrudes mom and dad were
immigrants . Her dad was a dentist from
Lithuania. Her mom was from Russia.
When Gertrude was years old, her
grandfather died from cancer. She knew
then that she wanted to fight this disease.
When Gertrude was growing up, most women didnt study science.
Laboratory work was usually reserved for men.
Gertrude entered Hunter College in
New York City. She studied chemistry
and graduated in 1937. After college,
she wanted to work in a laboratory .
She wanted to research new drugs to cure
cancer. But she had trouble finding a job.
Most scientists were men at this time.
Think!
Think about making a new medicine to beat a disease. What
disease would it treat? How would the medicine work?
Teaching was a common profession for women at the time.
Elion worked at many different jobs.
She even taught high school science. She
soon went back to school and earned a
masters degree in chemistry from New York
University. Finally, she got a job working in a
laboratory for a scientist named George
Hitchings.
Elion studied cancer cells to learn how to kill them.
An Idea
Elion invented many new drugs. Her
research was different than that done by
other scientists at the time. Her medicines
killed the diseases. But they did not harm
the healthy cells in a person. This was
different from other medicines. Some of
them kill healthy cells while fighting the
disease.
Elion and Hitchings worked together for much of their careers.
Elion made medicines that help cure
some types of cancer. She also made
drugs that help cure sick people of
infections . In 1988, Elion and her
research partners, George Hitchings
and Sir James Black, won the Nobel Prize
for their work. The Nobel Prize is the
highest award a scientist can win. It is
a wonderful honor.
Ask Questions!
Ask your teacher or librarian to tell you about another Nobel
Prize winner. What did this person accomplish in his or her life?