Christine Figorito - A Trip Through the Human Body

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Table of Contents

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FANTASTIC SCIENCE JOURNEYS

A TRIP THROUGH THE HUMAN BODY

CHRISTINE FIGORITO

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FANTASTIC SCIENCE JOURNEYS

A TRIP THROUGH THE HUMAN BODY

BY CHRISTINE FIGORITO

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Please visit our website, www. garethstevens. com. For a free color catalog of all our high-quality books, call toll free 1-800-542-2595 or fax 1-877-542-2596.

Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data

Figorito, Christine, 1971- author. A trip through the human body / Christine Figorito. pages cm. ( Fantastic science journeys) Includes bibliographical references and index. ISBN 978-1-4824-2006-7 ( pbk. ) ISBN 978-1-4824-2005-0 ( pack) ISBN 978-1-4824-2007-4 ( library binding) Human body Juvenile literature. Human physiology Juvenile literature. I. Title. QP37. F54 2015 dc23 2014029431

First Edition

Published in 2015 by Gareth Stevens Publishing East 14th Street, Suite New York, NY 10003

Copyright 2015 Gareth Stevens Publishing

Designer: Sarah Liddell Editor: Ryan Nagelhout

Photo credits: Cover, pp. 1, 13, ( synapse) , ( main) , Sebastian Kaulitzki/Shutterstock. com; pp. 5, racorn/Shutterstock. com; pp. 7, Alex Luengo/Shutterstock. com; p. ( main) Nerthuz/ Shutterstock. com; p. ( brain hemispheres) decade3d/Shutterstock. com; p. SPRINGER MEDIZIN/ Science Photo Library/Getty Images; p. ( main) martynowi. cz/Shutterstock. com; pp. 17, ( tendons) DM7/Shutterstock. com; p. Matthew Cole/Shutterstock. com; p. SCIEPRO/Science Photo Library/ Getty Images.

All rights reserved. No part of this book may be reproduced in any form without permission in writing from the publisher, except by a reviewer.

Printed in the United States of America

CPSIA compliance information: Batch #CW15GS: For further information contact Gareth Stevens, New York, New York at 1-800-542-2595.

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Contents

Our Amazing Bodies Anatomy of the Human Body Your Bodys Computer A Bunch of Nerves! Down the Spine Move Those Muscles Oh Them Bones The Heart and Lungs The Journey of Martys Lunch On the Way Out Cleaning Up Keep It Running! Glossary For More Information Index

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OUR AMAZING BODIES

Our bodies do incredible things. We run, jump, sing, and shout. At the same time our heart is beating, our lungs are helping us breathe, and our stomach is growling.

Do you wonder why our bodies do all these things? Were going to find out! Imagine you can shrink yourself until youre as small as an ant. Now, get into our special, tiny ship. Its so small it fits into an ear. Were going on a trip through the human body!

THAT'S FANTASTIC!

Our body holds about quarts (5.6 liters) of blood. It goes through the body three times every minute. In one day, our blood travels a total of 12,000 miles (19,300 km)!

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Our ship will take us through all the amazing parts that make up our body!

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ANATOMY OF THE HUMAN BODY

The human body is amazing. Humans are many different shapes and sizes, but we all have the same basic body parts. The study of these parts is called anatomy.

The body is divided into systems. Each system has a very important job, and the systems work together to keep you thinking, breathing, and moving. Lets start up our ship and get ready to explore some of these systems together. Lets fire up the engines and take off!

THAT'S FANTASTIC!

Your body grows faster in the first two years of your life than at any other time. A newborn baby cant do much, but when shes two years old, she walks and talks!

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Even tiny babies have the same body systems we need to live.

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YOUR BODY'S COMPUTER

Were going to explore a man named Marty. Hes going to let us take our ship through his body. We fly into Martys ear, but were so small he cant even feel it. The first thing we see is a pinkish-gray, wrinkled organ. Thats his brain!

The brain works like a computer. It tells all the other parts of the body what to do. The brain is inside the skull, which is the name for the bones in the head that protect the brain from getting hurt.

THAT'S FANTASTIC!

The brain is divided into hemispheres . The left hemisphere controls the right side of the body, and the right hemisphere controls the left side of the body. Sounds backward, doesnt it?

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It takes a few months for all the bones in a babys skull to grow together.

hemispheres

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Martys brain weighs about pounds (1.4 kg), the size of most adult brains. It has three main parts. The top part, called the cerebrum, is the biggest. It has cracks and folds, and is the thinking part of the brain.

The cerebellum is in back, tucked under the cerebrum. It controls balance and movement. The third part, called the brain stem, is at the bottom of the brain. It controls things like breathing, heartbeat, hunger, and pain.

THAT'S FANTASTIC!

Is there such a thing as brain food? Yes! Foods like fish, walnuts, and kiwi help memory and learning. Many foods have glucose, a type of healthy sugar for your brain.

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Different parts of our brain control different parts of our body.

cerebrum

cerebellum

brain stem

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