The NO-NONSENSE GUIDE to
SEXUAL
DIVERSITY
Publishers have created lists of short books that discuss the questions that your average [electoral] candidate will only ever touch if armed with a slogan and a soundbite. Together [such books] hint at a resurgence of the grand educational tradition... Closest to the hot headline issues are The No-Nonsense Guides. These target those topics that a large army of voters care about, but that politicos evade. Arguments, figures and documents combine to prove that good journalism is far too important to be left to (most) journalists.
Boyd Tonkin,
The Independent,
London
About the author
Vanessa Baird is a co-editor of the New Internationalist magazine.
Other titles in the series
The No-Nonsense Guide to Animal Rights
The No-Nonsense Guide to Climate Change
The No-Nonsense Guide to Conflict and Peace
The No-Nonsense Guide to Fair Trade
The No-Nonsense Guide to Globalization
The No-Nonsense Guide to Human Rights
The No-Nonsense Guide to International Development
The No-Nonsense Guide to Islam
The No-Nonsense Guide to Science
The No-Nonsense Guide to Tourism
The No-Nonsense Guide to World Health
The No-Nonsense Guide to World History
The No-Nonsense Guide to World Poverty
The NO-NONSENSE GUIDE to
SEXUAL
DIVERSITY
Vanessa Baird
The No-Nonsense to Sexual Diversity
Published in Canada by
New Internationalist Publications Ltd
2446 Bank Street, Suite 653
Ottawa, Ontario
K1V 1A8
www.newint.org
and
Between the Lines
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First published in the UK by
New Internationalist Publications Ltd
55 Rectory Road
Oxford OX4 lBW
New Internationalist is a registered trade mark.
Vanessa Baird/New Internationalist 2007
This edition not to be sold outside Canada.
Cover image: Luis Galdamez/Reuters
All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be photocopied, reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, recording, or otherwise, without the written permission of Between the Lines, or (for photocopying in Canada only) Access Copyright, 1 Yonge Street, Suite 1900, Toronto, Ontario, M5E 1E5.
Series editor: Troth Wells
Design by New Internationalist Publications Ltd
Cataloguing data available from Library and Archives Canada.
ISBN 978-1-771130-64-6 (epub)
ISBN 978-1-771130-92-9 (PDF)
ISBN 978-1-897071-34-2 (print)
Between the Lines gratefully acknowledges assistance for its publishing activities from the Canada Council for the Arts, the Ontario Arts Council, the Government of Ontario through the Ontario Book Publishers Tax Credit program and through the Ontario Book Initiative, and the Government of Canada through the Canada Book Fund.
SEXUAL DIVERSITY HAS been a familiar fact of life throughout recorded history. All societies have to find ways of living with it. Most fail dismally.
In the industrialized North for the past several centuries the main focus for regulating and controlling it has been through fashioning a sharp divide between heterosexual (normal) and homosexual (abnormal, perverted, deviant) patterns. This has been sanctified by churches and states, sustained by education, medicine, welfare services, popular prejudice and even the patterns of housing.
In other parts of the world, diversity has been controlled in two broad ways. In some cultures, homosexual practices have been allowed as part of the rites of passage from adolescence to adulthood though always under the dominance of traditional male privilege. In others, specialized roles have been created especially in religious rites and prostitution for the intersexual, effeminate or unconventional man.
But whatever the patterns across the world there are some common features of regulation and control. They are usually concerned with male sexuality. They generally subordinate sexual difference to traditional values. They have tended to marginalize, and usually condemn, those who do not conform to the cultures norms. Yet they have always failed to eradicate sexual diversity amongst women and men.
What is different today is that those who were regularly silenced by history have erupted into it. Across the world, the sexually marginalized have made claim to human rights, equality and justice. They have confronted prejudice, discrimination, homophobia and repression in different ways, depending on the local situation. In the rich countries, by and large, a new climate of relative toleration has developed since the 1960s, though by no means full acceptance. In many other parts of the world, gays, lesbians, and transgendered people are still regularly beaten or even murdered for their sexualities. The new visibility of sexually different people has in some parts of the world become a justification for heightened homophobic attacks. Individuals have to struggle to express their sexualities.
There are many local patterns, and many continuing injustices. But there is now also a global discourse of resistance, and of claims to justice, and elements of a globalized culture. The world is changing, and the speed of change is ever increasing.
Vanessa Bairds lively and compelling No-Nonsense Guide to Sexual Diversity provides a powerful overview of this changing world. This second edition, with much new material, reflects the dramatic nature of the transformations taking place in an ever more globalized world, with new sites of conflict around sexuality and gender balanced by new opportunities for the recognition of the right to be able to express your sexuality in your own way.
The book is both a historical and cross-cultural account, and an intervention in contemporary debates. It reflects, and contributes to, the struggle to recognize and respect sexual diversity to value it as a vital part of our common humanity.