About the Author
A university instructor and English professor for more than twenty years, Deborah Covino, Ph.D., is an expert on the verbal skills and strategies that are crucial to success on standardized tests. Her scholarship and creative writing have been published in nationally recognized journals and magazines.
Author's Acknowledgments
My sincere thanks to Joy Gilmore at BTPS Testing for her extraordinary expertise and support, to Project Editor Christy Scannell for her scrupulous attention to detail, and to my husband Billwho co-authored an earlier edition of this bookfor his generous advice along the way.
Editorial
Acquisition Editor: Greg Tubach
Project Editor: Christy Scannell
Copy Editor: Christy Scannell
Technical Editor: Jane Burstein
Composition
Proofreader: Mildred Rosenzweig
John Wiley & Sons, Inc., Composition Services
CliffsNotes Verbal Review for Standardized Tests, 2nd Edition
Published by:
John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
111 River Street
Hoboken, NJ 07030-5774
www.wiley.com
Copyright 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Inc., Hoboken, NJ
Published by John Wiley & Sons, Inc., Hoboken, NJ
Published simultaneously in Canada
Library of Congress Control Number: 2012947690
ISBN: 978-1-118-33425-6 (pbk)
ISBN: 978-1-118-37926-4; 978-1-118-37929-5; 978-1-118-37927-1 (ebk)
Printed in the United States of America
10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1
No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, scanning, or otherwise, except as permitted under Sections 107 or 108 of the 1976 United States Copyright Act, without either the prior written permission of the Publisher, or authorization through payment of the appropriate per-copy fee to the Copyright Clearance Center, 222 Rosewood Drive, Danvers, MA 01923, 978-750-8400, fax 978-646-8600, or on the web at www.copyright.com. Requests to the Publisher for permission should be addressed to the Permissions Department, John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 111 River Street, Hoboken, NJ 07030, (201) 748-6011, fax (201) 748-6008, or online at http://www.wiley.com/go/permissions.
The publisher and the author make no representations or warranties with respect to the accuracy or completeness of the contents of this work and specifically disclaim all warranties, including without limitation warranties of fitness for a particular purpose. No warranty may be created or extended by sales or promotional materials. The advice and strategies contained herein may not be suitable for every situation. This work is sold with the understanding that the publisher is not engaged in rendering legal, accounting, or other professional services. If professional assistance is required, the services of a competent professional person should be sought. Neither the publisher nor the author shall be liable for damages arising herefrom. The fact that an organization or Website is referred to in this work as a citation and/or a potential source of further information does not mean that the author or the publisher endorses the information the organization or Website may provide or recommendations it may make. Further, readers should be aware that Internet Websites listed in this work may have changed or disappeared between when this work was written and when it is read.
Trademarks: Wiley, the Wiley logo, CliffsNotes, the CliffsNotes logo, Cliffs, CliffsAP, CliffsComplete, CliffsQuickReview, CliffsStudySolver, CliffsTestPrep, CliffsNote-a-Day, cliffsnotes.com, and all related trademarks, logos, and trade dress are trademarks or registered trademarks of John Wiley & Sons, Inc. and/or its affiliates. All other trademarks are the property of their respective owners. John Wiley & Sons, Inc., is not associated with any product or vendor mentioned in this book.
For general information on our other products and services or to obtain technical support, please contact our Customer Care Department within the U.S. at (877) 762-2974, outside the U.S. at (317) 572-3993, or fax (317) 572-4002.
John Wiley & Sons, Inc., also publishes its books in a variety of electronic formats and by print-on-demand. Not all content that is available in standard print versions of this book may appear or be packaged in all book formats. If you have purchased a version of this book that did not include media that is referenced by or accompanies a standard print version, you may request this media by visiting http://booksupport.wiley.com. For more information about Wiley products, visit us at www.wiley.com.
Updates to this book are available on the Downloads tab at this site: http://www.wiley.com/WileyCDA/WileyTitle/productCd-1118334256.html. If a Downloads tab does not appear at this link, there are no updates at this time.
Note: If you purchased this book without a cover, you should be aware that this book is stolen property. It was reported as "unsold and destroyed" to the publisher, and neither the author nor the publisher has received any payment for this "stripped book."
CliffsNotes Verbal Review for Standardized Tests, 2nd Edition is designed specifically to review, refresh, and reintroduce essential grammar and verbal abilities skills. It focuses directly on test-oriented question types. If you are planning to take one of the following tests, then this guide will be invaluable to you:
PSAT/NMSQT Preliminary Scholastic Aptitude Test/National Merit Scholarship Qualifying Test
In keeping with the fine tradition of CliffsNotes, this guide was developed by leading experts in the field of test preparation, and graduate school and college entrance preparation. The material, strategies, and techniques presented in this guide have been researched, tested, and evaluated in preparation classes at leading state university programs.
This study guide is the most distinctive verbal guide available today. It is much more than simply a grammar or verbal review book. It is clear, concise, easy to use, and full of insights into the types of questions you'll face on your exam. It demonstrates how to avoid the common and costly errors that will trap those unprepared for the kinds of questions the test-makers ask. Our unique approach not only reviews essential basic skills but also shows you how to apply them effectively and specifically on standardized tests . Throughout the guide, the language is nontechnical yet consistent with the terminology and conventions you need to know for standardized verbal skills tests.
Verbal Review for Standardized Tests provides an excellent and extensive overview of important information and the tools necessary for comprehensive verbal skills preparation. As you work through this book, focus on the specific types of questions that will appear on your exam. Each chapter presents material in a structured format to focus on areas of concern for most test-takers: