Stephen V. Shepherd - The Wiley Handbook of Evolutionary Neuroscience

Edited by

Stephen V. Shepherd

This edition first published 2017
2017 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd

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Library of Congress CataloginginPublication Data

Names: Shepherd, Stephen V., 1978 editor.
Title: The Wiley handbook of evolutionary neuroscience / edited by Stephen V. Shepherd.
Description: Chichester, West Sussex, UK : John Wiley & Sons, 2016. | Includes bibliographical references and index.
Identifiers: LCCN 2016019971 | ISBN 9781119994695 (cloth) | ISBN 9781118316573 (epub) | ISBN 9781118316610 (Adobe PDF)
Subjects: LCSH: Neurosciences. | Neuropsychology. | BrainEvolution.
Classification: LCC QP355.2 .W55 2016 | DDC 612.8dc23
LC record available at https://lccn.loc.gov/2016019971

A catalogue record for this book is available from the British Library.

Cover image: selvanegra/Gettyimages

Michel Anctil
Universit de Montral

Michael Anderson
Franklin & Marshall College

Anne Bckler
Wrzburg University

Diarmuid J. Cahalane
Cornell University

Anthony Chemero
University of Cincinnati

Roger P. Croll
Dalhousie University

Raquel del Moral
Instituto Aragons de Ciencias de la Salud

A. Aldo Faisal
Imperial College London

Barbara L. Finlay
Cornell University

Rayna M. Harris
University of Texas at Austin

Volker Hartenstein
University of California, Los Angeles

Suzana HerculanoHouzel
Vanderbilt University

Hans A. Hofmann
University of Texas at Austin

Ludwig Huber
University of Vienna

Jon H. Kaas
Vanderbilt University

Juliane Kaminski
University of Portsmouth

Michael Koch
University of Bremen

Kevin N. Laland
University of St Andrews

Pedro C. Marijun
Instituto Aragons de Ciencias de la Salud

Robert W. Meech
University of Bristol

Jorge Navarro
Instituto Aragons de Ciencias de la Salud

Ali Neishabouri
Imperial College London

Lauren A. OConnell
Harvard University

Luis Puelles
University of Murcia

Heinrich Reichert
University of Basel

Nadia Riebli
University of Basel

Natalie Sebanz
Central European University

Stephen V. Shepherd
The Rockefeller University

Julia Sliwa
The Rockefeller University

Sally E. Street
University of Hull

Daniel Y. Takahashi
Princeton University

Anna Wilkinson
University of Lincoln

Mario F. Wullimann
LudwigMaximiliansUniversitt Munich

1. Chapter 04
2. Chapter 09
3. Chapter 10
4. Chapter 16

1. Chapter 02
2. Chapter 03
3. Chapter 04
4. Chapter 05
   1. f simultaneous differentiation of nerve and muscle, because of evidence in sponges of contractile elements without nerves. Whether the sponges immediate ancestor might have already evolved nerves is a matter of current debate (see Ryan & Chiodin, 2015).
   2. superimposed current traces show the effect of the conditioning level (range 90 to 20mV; 10mV steps) on the availability of the inactivating current. At 20mV the inactivating component (IKfast) is absent, leaving IKslow.
5. Chapter 06
   1. (Davenne et al., 1999; Hirth et al., 1998; Lichtneckert & Reichert, 2007). Furthermore, the interface of the relative expression of dFezf/Fezf and mirr/Irx was reported to be conserved between fly and mouse (Irima et al., 2010; Oliver et al., 1995).
6. Chapter 07
   1. d volume are linked to each other by basic biophysical principles. For example, reducing the diameter of an axon will decrease its volume and its metabolic cost. However, smaller axons are noisier, and conduct action potentials more slowly.
   2. e the neuron into a burst which will eventually deplete ionic concentration gradients and lead to cell death. (B) Color map of maximum sustainable firing rates given by fitting a simplified model using parameters from the squid giant axon. Over long time periods, the sustainable firing rate is independent of diameter. (C) For shorter time periods, larger axons can fire at higher rates. The refractory period prevents the axon from firing at more than approx. 40 Hz.
7. Chapter 08
   1. (left) and cephalochordate Branchiostoma floridae (right; both in dorsal view). Expression domains of Otx, Pax2/5/8 and Hox complex demarcatates region considered to be homologous to the vertebrate midbrainhindbrain boundary (red bar).
   2. postsynaptic (po) terminal branches of dendrites. (I) Gap junction (gj) forming electric synapse in primate neocortex. (J, K) Gap junctions between neurons (J) and epitheliomuscular cells (K) of cnidarian Polyorchis penicillatus