Dick Smakman - Clear English Pronunciation: A Practical Guide

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Clear English Pronunciation

Clear English Pronunciation

provides students with the tools to effectively com-

municate in English without centring solely on native-speaker pronunciation

models. The focus of the book is on individual pronunciation targets rather than

a one-size-ts-all approach. Divided into four sections, each featuring detailed

articulatory explanations, sample sentences, and recordings to help learners

improve their pronunciation, this book:

introduces the phenomenon of pronunciation as part of a broader communi

-

cative realm;

explains and demonstrates the melody and rhythm of understandable and

natural English pronunciation;

supports students in identifying and practising their own pronunciation

issues.

Supported by an interactive companion website which features recordings and

expanded explanations of key topics,

Clear English Pronunciation

is an essential

textbook for international learners of English who want to improve their pronun-

ciation skills in diverse social settings.

Dick Smakman

is a Lecturer at Leiden University, the Netherlands. He teaches

and researches English language acquisition and sociolinguistics. He has taught

English, Dutch, and sociolinguistics at various universities.

Clear English Pronunciation

A Practical Guide

Dick Smakman

First published 2020

by Routledge

2 Park Square, Milton Park, Abingdon, Oxon OX14 4RN

and by Routledge

52 Vanderbilt Avenue, New York, NY 10017

Routledge is an imprint of the Taylor & Francis Group, an informa business

2020 Dick Smakman

The right of Dick Smakman to be identified as author of this work

has been asserted by him in accordance with sections 77 and 78

of the Copyright, Designs and Patents Act 1988.

All rights reserved. No part of this book may be reprinted or

reproduced or utilised in any form or by any electronic,

mechanical, or other means, now known or hereafter invented,

including photocopying and recording, or in any information

storage or retrieval system, without permission in writing from

the publishers.

Trademark notice

: Product or corporate names may be trademarks

or registered trademarks, and are used only for identification and

explanation without intent to infringe.

British Library Cataloguing-in-Publication Data

A catalogue record for this book is available from the British Library

Library of Congress Cataloging-

in-Publication Data

Names: Smakman, Dick, Library of Congress Cataloging-in-

Publication Data

Names: Smakman, Dick, 1970- author.

Title: Clear English pronunciation : an introduction / Dick

Smakman.

Description: New York : Taylor and Francis, 2020. | Includes

bibliographical references and index. |

Identifiers: LCCN 2019035220 (print) | LCCN 2019035221

(ebook) |

Subjects: LCSH: English language-Pronunciation. | English

language-Pronunciation by foreign speakers. | English language-

Phonology. | English language-Spoken English.

Classification: LCC PE1137 .S497 2020 (print) | LCC PE1137

(ebook) | DDC 428.1/3-dc23

LC record available at https://lccn.loc.gov/2019035220

LC ebook record available at https://lccn.loc.gov/2019035221

ISBN: 978-0-367-36644-5 (hbk)

ISBN: 978-0-367-36643-8 (pbk)

ISBN: 978-0-429-34738-2 (ebk)

Typeset in Times New Roman

by Wearset Ltd, Boldon, Tyne and Wear

Contents

vi

Contents

Pronunciation

For several reasons, pronunciation is an atypical aspect of language learning. It

distinguishes learners on the basis of skills other than the academic. First of all,

it involves control over many tiny muscles in the speech tract, and is in that

respect more practical and physiological than other linguistic skills. It is also

different because it is an uncomfortable skill to some. Second-language pronun-

ciation often involves imitating both the pronunciation and subtle communica-

tive habits of real or prototypical speakers. This act of imitation may feel a little

unnatural. Another reason for the special role of pronunciation is its function as

personality marker. Listeners will make judgements on the basis of pronuncia-

tion skills; a speakers image, professionalism, and even personality and intelli

-

gence are gauged through their pronunciation in particular.

The term pronunciation as referred to above is used in a broad sense. It

refers not only to the way the mouth is shaped during the production of conso-

nants and vowels, but also to a system of stress and intonation, and to general

articulation habits. Bourdieu (1991) emphasised that while individual sounds are

often studied in isolation, and subsequently compared with equivalents in other

peoples speech, they are only a part of a larger pronunciation style in which all

individual articulation features (consonants and vowels, but also intonation and

general vocal-tract usage) should be studied as an indivisible totality (86).

Together, these form your pronunciation, and this skill thus entails a broad

behavioural pattern.

Because of the intrinsic complexity of pronunciation, the outcome of a pro

-

nunciation course is harder to control or predict than the outcome of courses on

other aspects of language acquisition; most notably, grammar and vocabulary.

While a specic grammatical construction or word choice is often simply correct

or incorrect, successes in pronunciation are often difcult to measure objec

-

tively. Different people will all perceive and evaluate a certain pronunciation (its

understandability, its beauty, its correctness, etc.) in their own way (Hoorn,

Smakman, & Foster, 2014). Whether someones pronunciation is good

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