David Potach - Sport Injury Prevention Anatomy

Sport Injury Prevention

ANATOMY

David Potach
Erik Meira

Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data

Names: Potach, David, 1970- author. | Meira, Erik, 1976- author.

Title: Sport injury prevention anatomy / David Potach, Erik Meira.

Description: Champaign, IL : Human Kinetics, [2023] | Includes bibliographical references.

Identifiers: LCCN 2022002890 (print) | LCCN 2022002891 (ebook) | ISBN 9781718208285 (print) | ISBN 9781718208292 (epub) | ISBN 9781718208308 (pdf)

Subjects: LCSH: Sports injuries--Prevention. | Sports--Physiological aspects. | BISAC: HEALTH & FITNESS / Exercise / Stretching | MEDICAL / Sports Medicine

Classification: LCC RC1235 .P635 2023 (print) | LCC RC1235 (ebook) | DDC 617.1/027--dc23/eng/20220318

LC record available at https://lccn.loc.gov/2022002890

LC ebook record available at https://lccn.loc.gov/2022002891

ISBN: 978-1-7182-0828-5 (print)

Copyright 2023 by David Potach and Erik Meira

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E8398

Being active is an important part of a lifelong healthy lifestyle. Physical activity improves heart and muscle health, boosts stamina and mental acuity, and helps control blood sugar and weight. Fortunately, many have gotten the message about the benefits of physical activity: Sport and exercise participation rates have generally increased over the past 20 years. Looking more deeply at these numbers, however, reveals that formal team sport participation rates have steadily decreased and that physical activity participation also decreases with age. Although reasons for these changes are multifactorial, one of the common causes is declining health and injury. Many athletes retire from sport participation at a young age because of injury and inability to return to their previous level of performance. Because of the many advantages of physical activity, it is beneficial to find ways to reduce the risk of injury and keep people actively involved in sport and exercise beyond their youth.

When applied to sport, exercise, and physical activity, the goal of injury prevention is to promote healthy lifestyles by reducing the risk of injury and improving the health and quality of life of both individual athletes and teams. This is best accomplished through the performance of specific exercises while following proper exercise or sport dosage and timing guidelines.

But is injury prevention possible? Before answering that question, it is important to appropriately define what is meant by injury prevention ; this is more complex than it would first appear.

An injury is defined as damage to a specific structure that often impairs intended function. Injuries are typically caused by the bodys interaction with an external objectfor example, a fall causes the body to contact the ground (external object) in such a way that injury may occurbut they can also occur as a result of acceleration, deceleration, changes of direction, playing too many games in too short of a period of time, or when the body is not properly prepared for games, activity, or exercise.

The common use of the term prevention is to stop or keep something from happening, but it also means to slow, hinder, or forestall an event before it happens. Therefore, our definition of injury prevention as discussed in the following chaptersis to reduce the likelihood of an injury occurring before it happens. We do not believe it is possible to stop all injuries from happening. Instead, we believe that proactively addressing specific risk factors before injuries occurlike performing certain exercises and using proper exercise and activity guidelinescan indeed prevent some injuries and reduce the risk and severity of others. We will continue using the term prevention but with the stated definition in mind.

Whether targeting specific anatomical structureslike the ACL, ankle, or hamstringor specific sports athleteslike runners, wrestlers, or soccer playersthe evidence is overwhelming that injury prevention programs do indeed reduce the risk of injury. In fact, some studies have shown that participation in these programs can decrease the risk of injury by up to 75 percent! Injury prevention programs that have been researched include those for specific injuries such as