Melvin A. Friedlander - Sadat and Begin: The Domestic Politics of Peacemaking

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Sadat and Begin

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About the Book and Author

Sadat and Begin: The Domestic Politics of Peacemaking

Melvin A. Friedlander

The architects of the Camp David process expected their efforts to become a broad and inclusive framework for peace in the Middle East. Dr. Friedlander's book demonstrates how domestic factors affecting policy decisions made in both Cairo and Jerusalem prevented Sadat and Begin from embracing a structure that would yield a more comprehensive arrangement. Sadat, for example, confronted an anti-peace movement in Egypt, strengthened by then-Vice President Mubarak's ties to the military-security establishment and his alliance with members of the Arab nation's diplomatic corps. Begin was opposed by Israeli conservatives who saw the Camp David formulas as leading to a peace that would jeopardize Israel's security. Both leaders, Dr. Friedlander concludes, were able ultimately to guide their nations toward approval of the peace initiative primarily because of their mastery of techniques of domestic intra-elite bargaining.

Melvin A. Friedlander is professor of Middle East and African studies at the Defense Intelligence School. He also serves as adjunct professor of foreign affairs at the National War College and adjunct professor at Georgetown University.

Sadat and Begin

the domestic politics of peacemaking

Melvin A. Friedlander

First published 1983 by Westview Press

Published 2019 by Routledge
52 Vanderbilt Avenue, New York, NY 10017
2 Park Square, Milton Park, Abingdon, Oxon OX14 4RN

Routledge is an imprint of the Taylor & Francis Group, an informa business

Copyright 1983 by Taylor & Francis

All rights reserved. No part of this book may be reprinted or reproduced or utilised in any form or by any electronic, mechanical, or other means, now known or hereafter invented, including photocopying and recording, or in any information storage or retrieval system, without permission in writing from the publishers.

Notice:
Product or corporate names may be trademarks or registered trademarks, and are used only for identification and explanation without intent to infringe.

Library of Congress Cataloging in Publication Data
Friedlander, Melvin A.
Sadat and Begin: the domestic politics of peacemaking.
(A Westview Replica Edition)
Bibliography: p.
1. EgyptForeign relationsIsrael. 2. Israelforeign relationsEgypt.
3. EgyptPolitics and government1970- . 4. IsraelPolitics and government.
5. Sadat, Anwar, 1918- . 6. Begin, Menachem, 1913- . I. Title.
DT82.5.17F74 1983 327.6205694 82-21826

ISBN 13: 978-0-367-28654-5 (hbk)

To Mom, Dad, Sandy and the children with love and affection

"And if they incline to peace, incline thou also to it, and trust in Allah. Lo! He is the Hearer, the Knower."

Koran (Surah 8:61)

"How beautiful upon the mountains are the feet of him that bringeth good tidings, that publisheth peace..."

Isaiah 52:7

"Blessed are the peacemakers: for they shall be called the children of God."

Matthew 5:9

Contents

1. ii
2. iii
3. viii

Guide

The largest part of this book was written during the winter of 1981 and spring of 1982. The study was submitted as a doctoral dissertation to the American University in the summer of 1982. Professors Alan Taylor, Amos Perlmuter and Aaron Miller were generous of their time and helpful with wise counsel during final stages of the preparation of the dissertation.

Field research in Egypt and Israel was conducted during visits to the Middle East in the summers of 1977 and 1981. The travel occurred just prior to the beginning and ending of active peace negotiations between the parties. The author found very different landscapes and attitudes existing in Egypt and Israel when he returned to the area after the four-year hiatus. These changing perceptions informed many of the judgments presented in the book. Yet a certain degree of optimism for the future is inherent in the evolution and continuation of relations between Cairo and Jerusalem portrayed in this book. Anwar Sadat is dead but his legacy remains. Menachem Begin is an embattled and controversial figure. But his commitment to an enduring peace with Israel's neighbors consistent with security for Jerusalem is undiminished. The author has great respect and admiration for both men, despite many differences with their policies and procedures. It is to their political mastery of events that this book is devoted.

Dan Patir, Yehiel Kadishai in Israel, Ali Dessouki in Egypt, former Secretary of State Cyrus Vance, Ambassadors Alfred Atherton, Samuel Lewis as well as Harold Saunders and Bill Quandt from the United States were liberal with their comments and suggestions. Leigh Bruce, formerly Associate Editor of Foreign Policy was a patient and skilled editor. Cherie Smith was a cheerful and excellent typist The Defense Intelligence School with its superb faculty and staff was most supportive. And the many students of the educational institutions that I have been affiliated with provided needed inspiration to carry the project to its conclusion. Naturally all errors and acts of omission and commission are the author's responsibility.

Finally, this book is dedicated to Mom and Dad without whom the opportunity to begin the study could not have occurred and to my wife Sandy and our children, who saw the project to its completion during a most difficult period.

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