Regionalism, Security and Development in Africa
This book charts the history and contemporary landscape of African regionalism, investigating how regional cooperation can be used to help tackle security and development challenges in Africa.
Africa has a long tradition of regional cooperation, with the oldest trade and monetary integration schemes in the developing world, but its colonial period and partition have caused lasting damage that can still be seen in todays African economies. Contemporary post-colonial African regionalism, deeply rooted in notions of pan-Africanism, has served as a means of collective self-reliance and economic transformation and development. This book starts with the history and theory behind African regionalism before discussing and comparing regional organisations such as the Economic Community of Central African States (ECCAS), the Economic Community of West African States (ECOWAS), the Community of Sahel-Saharan States (CEN-SAD), Southern African Development Community (SADC), the Common Market for Eastern and Southern Africa (COMESA) and the East African Community (EAC). Finally, the book considers how regional integration and cooperation can help to address security and development challenges.
This ambitious and broad-ranging book will be a valuable resource for researchers working on African regionalism, security, African integration and development, and comparative regionalism. Policymakers should also consider it a useful guide to the background and contemporary landscape of African regionalism.
Ernest Toochi Aniche is currently a Senior Lecturer in the Department of Political Science at Federal University Otuoke (FUO), Nigeria.
Ikenna Mike Alumona is an Associate Professor of Political Science at Chukwuemeka Odumegwu Ojukwu University, Nigeria.
Inocent Moyo is a Senior Lecturer and Head of the Department of Geography and Environmental Studies, University of Zululand, South Africa.
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First published 2021
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British Library Cataloguing-in-Publication Data
A catalogue record for this book is available from the British Library
Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data
Names: Aniche, Ernest Toochi, 1978 editor. | Alumona, Ikenna Mike, editor. | Moyo, Inocent, editor.
Title: Regionalism, security and development in Africa / edited by Ernest Aniche, Ikenna Alumona,and Inocent Moyo.
Other titles: Routledge contemporary Africa series.
Description: Abingdon, Oxon ; New York, NY : Routledge, 2021. |
Series: Routledge contemporary Africa | Includes bibliographical references and index. |
Identifiers: LCCN 2020054023 (print) | LCCN 2020054024 (ebook) | ISBN 9780367862992 (hardback) | ISBN 9781003025856 (ebook)
Subjects: LCSH: RegionalismAfrica. | Security, InternationalAfrica. | Economic developmentAfrica. | AfricaEconomic integration.
Classification: LCC JQ1873.5.R43 R435 2021 (print) | LCC JQ1873.5.R43 (ebook) | DDC 327.6dc23
LC record available at https://lccn.loc.gov/2020054023
LC ebook record available at https://lccn.loc.gov/2020054024
ISBN: 978-0-367-86299-2 (hbk)
ISBN: 978-0-367-69411-1 (pbk)
ISBN: 978-1-003-02585-6 (ebk)
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Part I
History and theory of African regionalism
Samuel Osagie Odobo
Introduction
Regionalism developed as a vital component of Africas interstate relations as colonialism wound down. It has remained an important element in the continents development approach to promote inclusive economic, political and socio-cultural development. African regionalism developed from a pan-Africanist philosophical consciousness that African states share a common set of historical, political, economic and sociocultural problems, the resolution of which is closely linked with African unity. In essence, regionalism is essential to the pan-African aspiration of creating a United States of Africa integrated and strong enough to contest Africas global marginalisation and improve the continents economic, security and political performance. From this aspiration developed both supranational and sub-regional integration initiatives aimed at restructuring and uniting the continent politically and economically.
More than five decades of integration efforts in Africa, the actualisation of integration remains largely unfulfilled. African regionalism has not yielded satisfactory results, unlike in other regions where integration efforts have successfully improved their economies (Mattli, 1999). African markets remain structurally fragile, non-industrialised and primary commodity-based. Trade amongst African nations, as at 2017, remained abysmally little at 15% compared to trade with others as shown by AFREXIMBANK report (2018, p. 15). Africa appears stuck in what Olivier (2010, p. 17) has referred to as the phase of shallow integration, in spite of the existence of a number of initiatives to promote African integration.