THE POLITICS OF ECONOMIC REGIONALISM
The International Political Economy of New Regionalisms Series
The International Political Economy of New Regionalism Series presents innovative analyses of a range of novel regional relations and institutions. Going beyond established, formal, interstate economic organizations, this essential series provides informed interdisciplinary and international research and debate about myriad heterogeneous intermediate level interactions.
Reflective of its cosmopolitan and creative orientation, this series is developed by an international editorial team of established and emerging scholars in both the South and North. It reinforces ongoing networks of analysts in both academia and think-tanks as well as international agencies concerned with micro-, meso- and macro-level regionalisms.
Editorial Board
Timothy M. Shaw, University of London, London
Isidro Morales, Universidad de las Amricas - Puebla, Mexico
Maria Nzomo, University of Nairobi, Kenya
Nicola Phillips, University of Warwick, UK
Johan Saravanamuttu, Munk Centre for International Studies, Canada
Fredrik Sderbaum, Gteborgs Universitet, Sweden
Other Titles in the Series
European Union and New Regionalism
Edited by Mario Tel
ISBN 0 7546 1748 3
South Africas Multilateral Diplomacy and Global Change Edited by Philip Nel, Ian Taylor and Janis van der Westhuizen
ISBN 0 7546 1653 3
Crises of Governance in Asia and Africa Edited by Sandra J. MacLean, Fahimul Quadir and Timothy M. Shaw
ISBN 0 7546 1410 7
The Politics of Economic Regionalism
Sierra Leone in ECOWAS
DAVID J. FRANCIS
Department of Peace Studies, University of Bradford
First published 2001 by Ashgate Publishing
Reissued 2018 by Routledge
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Routledge is an imprint of the Taylor & Francis Group, an informa business
Copyright David J. Francis 2001
All rights reserved. No part of this book may be reprinted or reproduced or utilised in any form or by any electronic, mechanical, or other means, now known or hereafter invented, including photocopying and recording, or in any information storage or retrieval system, without permission in writing from the publishers.
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Publishers Note
The publisher has gone to great lengths to ensure the quality of this reprint but points out that some imperfections in the original copies may be apparent.
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The publisher has made every effort to trace copyright holders and welcomes correspondence from those they have been unable to contact.
A Library of Congress record exists under LC control number: 2001088776
ISBN 13: 978-1-138-70226-4 (hbk)
ISBN 13: 978-1-315-20978-4 (ebk)
Contents
Map of West Africa
Map of Sierra Leone
1. Basic Indicators for West African States
In the process of writing this book, I have incurred a debt of gratitude to many people who have, in diverse ways, helped to make this project a success. I owe a special debt of gratitude to Peter Calvert and Caroline Thomas, both at Southampton University, for their academic guidance and constant support throughout my doctoral journey. To my West African friends at the ECOWAS headquarters in Abuja and the ECOWAS Fund Secretariat in Lom, I am grateful for the interviews and numerous discussions we had. I am immensely grateful to Carol Hutson, Mandy Oliver and Vivian Nassar for their technical expertise and eye for details, without which, the production of this book would have been frustratingly torturous.
Friends and loved ones, they say, are a happy part of life. This project would have been impossible without them. I am immensely grateful to Dagmar for her love and constant encouragement, and to Mohamed Kamanda and Mike Ward for their academic and moral support. I also acknowledge the fun and wonderful distractions provided by David Jr. I owe a special gratitude to my brothers and sisters; Peter, Paul, Paulina, Mary, Cecilia and Assumpta for their prayers, affection and patience in trying to understand my excitingly boring life. Above all, I thank my God for making this project possible.
AAF | African Alternative Framework to Structural Adjustment Programmes |
AAFC | Allied Armed Forces of the Community |
ACP-EEC | African Caribbean Pacific - European Economic Community |
ACRI | African Crisis Response Initiative |
ADB | African Development Bank |
ADMS | Alluvial Diamond Mining Scheme |
AEC | African Economic Community |
AFRC | Armed Forces Revolutionary Council |
AIDS | Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome |
ANSWE | African Network for Support to Women Entrepreneurs |
AOF | Afrique Occidentale Franaise (Federation of French West Africa) |
APC | All Peoples Congress |
APL | Armed Forces of Liberia |
ASEAN | Association of South East Asian Nations |
ASYCUDA | Automated System for Customs Data |
BADEA | Arab Bank for Economic Development in Africa |
BCEAO | Central Bank of West African States |
CACM | Central America Common Market |
CARIFTA | Caribbean Free Trade Association |
CAST | Consolidated African Selection Trust |
CBC | Chad Basin Commission |
CCC | (ECOWAS) Community Computer Centre |
CCC | Customs Co-operation Council (International) |
CCMS | Co-operative Contract Mining Scheme |
CDF | Civil Defence Force |
CEAO | West African Economic Community |
CFA | Communaute Financiere Africaine (African Financial Community) |
CMS | Contract Mining Scheme |
COMESA | Common Market for East and Southern African States |
CPLP | Community of Lusophone Countries |
CSO | Central Selling Organisation |
DRC | Democratic Republic of Congo |
EAC |