European Defence Decision-Making
This book comparatively examines the preferences of four key arms-producing states towards European joint armaments programmes.
The European defence market is characterized by a mixture of inter-state competition and European cooperation, and this work assesses why countries sometimes decide to cooperate with their partners, while in other instances they refrain from doing so. In order to shed light on this empirical puzzle, the book focuses on statedefence industry relations in the four major European arms producers: France, Germany, Italy and the UK. The main argument is that the public or private governance of industrial suppliers and market size are the two decisive variables that explain the simultaneous presence of cooperation and competition in European defence procurement. Specifically, it argues that in public governance ecosystems, arms industries are able to capture the states decision-making processes to their own advantage. In private governance ecosystems, the state is relatively autonomous from defence industrys influence and able to pursue larger macro-economic and military benefits. Moreover, the strategy pursued by governments and defence firms is decisively shaped by market size because of its importance in determining the relative costs and benefits of collaborative arrangements.
This book will be of much interest to students of EU policy, defence studies, European politics and International Relations.
Antonio Calcara is a Post-Doctoral Researcher at Luiss Guido Carli University, Italy, and Adjunct Professor at Vrije Universiteit Brussels, Belgium.
Routledge Studies in European Security and Strategy
The aim of this series is to bring together the key experts on European security from the academic and policy worlds, and assess the state of play of the EU as an international security actor. The series explores the EU, and its member states, security policy and practices in a changing global and regional context. While the focus is on the politico-military dimension, security is put in the context of the holistic approach advocated by the EU.
Series Editors:
Sven Biscop
Egmont Royal Institute for International Relations, Belgium
and
Richard Whitman
University of Kent, UK
EU-Japan Security Cooperation
Trends and Prospects
Edited by Emil Kirchner and Han Dorussen
European Strategy in the 21st Century
New Future for Old Power
Sven Biscop
Defence Industrial Cooperation in the European Union
The State, the Firm and Europe
Daniel Fiott
European Defence Decision-Making
Dilemmas of Collaborative Arms Procurement
Antonio Calcara
For more information about this series, please visit:
www.routledge.com/Routledge-Studies-in-European-Security-and-Strategy/bookseries/SESS
First published 2020
by Routledge
2 Park Square, Milton Park, Abingdon, Oxon OX14 4RN
and by Routledge
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Routledge is an imprint of the Taylor & Francis Group, an informa business
2020 Antonio Calcara
The right of Antonio Calcara to be identified as author of this work has been asserted by him in accordance with sections 77 and 78 of the Copyright, Designs and Patents Act 1988.
All rights reserved. No part of this book may be reprinted or reproduced or utilised in any form or by any electronic, mechanical, or other means, now known or hereafter invented, including photocopying and recording, or in any information storage or retrieval system, without permission in writing from the publishers.
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British Library Cataloguing-in-Publication Data
A catalogue record for this book is available from the British Library
Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data
Names: Calcara, Antonio, 1989- author.
Title: European defence decision-making : dilemmas of collaborative arms procurement / Antonio Calcara.
Description: Abingdon, Oxon ; New York : Routledge, [2020] | Series: Routledge studies in European security and strategy | Includes bibliographical references and index.
Identifiers: LCCN 2019050518 (print) | LCCN 2019050519 (ebook) | ISBN 9780367425982 (hardback) | ISBN 9780367853792 (ebook)
Subjects: LCSH: Defense industriesEuropeInternational cooperation. | National securityEuropean Union countriesInternational cooperation. | Industrial policyEuropean Union countries. | European Union countriesMilitary policy. | EuropeArmed ForcesAppropriations and expenditures. | EuropeArmed forcesProcurement.
Classification: LCC HD9743.E852 C35 2020 (print) | LCC HD9743.E852 (ebook) | DDC 355.6/212094dc23
LC record available at https://lccn.loc.gov/2019050518
LC ebook record available at https://lccn.loc.gov/2019050519
ISBN: 978-0-367-42598-2 (hbk)
ISBN: 978-0-367-85379-2 (ebk)
This book was written between October 2015 and October 2019. Im thus indebted to the many expert reviewers who closely engaged with my work over the years. This book includes articles that appeared in Defence Studies, European Security and Journal of European Integration. I thank Taylor & Francis for permission to reprint portions of the articles.
The topic of the book comes from my PhD thesis, successfully defended at the LUISS Guido Carli in Rome. I warmly thank my University for the financial and intellectual support during the doctoral period. A special thanks to my supervisor Professor Arlo Poletti, who has always supported and encouraged me during this journey. Thanks also to Professor Raffaele Marchetti for very interesting discussions and to my PhD colleague (and co-author) Davide for our reciprocal support during these four years.
This book would surely have been different without my two visiting research periods at the ARENA Centre for European Studies in Oslo and at the Institute of European Studies of the Vrije Universiteit in Brussels. These research stays have greatly contributed to strengthening my substantive knowledge and to enhancing my social skills and increasing my network of relevant contacts. As for the period in Oslo, I thank the Network on Research and Teaching in EU Foreign Affairs (NORTIA) project (formerly Antero) for financially supporting my research fellowship in Norway. At the ARENA Centre for European Studies, special thanks goes to my promoter Helene Sjursen and all the staff of the research institute. As for the period at the Institute for European Studies in Brussels, special thanks goes to my promoter Luis Simn, for his advice and constant encouragement for my work. I thank also my colleagues (and co-authors) Chantal Lavalle and Raluca Csernatoni for the inspiration and the many research projects we are carrying out together. I also thank the Vesalius College in Brussels and Sciences Po in Paris for giving me the opportunity to teach various courses on International Relations and Security Studies in the last two years.
In Brussels, a special thanks also to my friends Anamaria, Philipp and Laura who helped me during the final period of the PhD and to my Forl community in Brussels (Andrea, Ciccio, Lucrezia, Ludovica, Manfredi, Veronica). Thanks also to Martina for our inspiring discussions and the many evenings spent together.
