FLEMING - THEORY AND PROCEDURE OF FITNESS TRAINING SYSTEM

The word "fitness" literally translates into english how "fitness" or"suitability". Often in english the expression "it gets fit" is used, which can be translated as "get in shape". In the textbook by edward t. Howley and b. Don frank (on. Wearing frank) "health fitness" ("health fitness") can read the following definitions of different categories of fitness:

total fitness is the pursuit of an optimal quality of life which includes: social, mental, spiritual and physical components. Also use the terms "health positive"".

"physical fitness - the pursuit of an optimal quality of life, which includes attainment of a higher level of readiness on state testing, risking small health violations. As the condition is also known how good the physical condition is, or physical readiness."

In the russian language the word fitness obtained several values.

First, under the terms implied the whole event, provides a person's versatile physical development, improvement and formation of his health. Usually, this:

Work with weights, directed at the development of power abilities and increasing muscle mass,

Aerobic work, directed at the development of aerobic ability,

Work flexibility

The formation of food culture and healthy life image.

Most close to this notion of "fitness" in russian language would be the concept of "physical culture", or "physical culture".

Second, fitness as a sport has emerged relatively recently in the competitive bodybuilding framework.

In the course of thousands of years of life, living creatures have evolved, changed and have evolved to provide themselves with optimal conditions for functioning in compliance with the environmental conditions of a habitat. Able to tell, what form of life corresponds to them outside the environment. Speeches go about temperature and light modes, certain chemical composition of air and food used, level and character of motor activity and td but natural human activity gives enormous ability to change the environment in which it belongs to a habitat with the aim of creating conditions, more comfortable for life and more conducive to life productive satisfaction belongs to their physiological needs. False lightning allowed to arbitrarily plan periods of sleep and wakefulness, ignoring internal biorhythms, warm clothing creates an artificial microclimate apart from changing seasons and the vagaries of nature, intensification of production of food products gives truly unlimited capabilities to satisfy our needs in food. Transport use brought together to a minimum of energy costs on the move. On the result of human vital activities many chemical changes combine water, air, nutritional products.

The changes in the human body due to its evolutionary development do not keep up with the rapid changes in their environment. In essence, our organisms are essentially non-existent rather than different from our distant ancestral organisms, which lived thousands of years ago. The existence of a new, unnatural and quite often aggressive environment for him, a function different from the natural one leads to all sorts of violations of one or another of his systems. Deteriorating as man's physical health, so his mental and spiritual health.

One of the countries, where deteriorating health of the population has been catastrophic, is russia. Let's move on to the facts. According to kazin em, pancakes ng and litvinova na (2000):

... Over the past decade, the overall death toll in this country has increased by 1.5 times, and the number of prematurely deceased exceeds 3 million humans.

Only as of 1995 g. General number of russian citizens decreased by 330 thousand people, or by 0.2%. During this time, the number of births decreased by 47.7 thousand (0.3%) and the total fertility rate fell to 1.4 versus 2.14 required for population reproduction.

Data from geneticists noted the importance of congenital malformations of growth - in 1000 newborns it accounts for 173.3 cases of the disease. Maternal mortality in the country is 15 - 20 times as high as in canada and scandinavia.

Over the past 35 years, the proportion of children born physiologically immature has increased from 18 to twenty to 90%; 11% of children were born with obvious pathology.

The irrefutable evidence of non-reduction in the incidence of all types of disease serves the growth of chronic illness, mental and malignant disease, the growth of miscarriage rates in pregnant women and perinatal mortality, reduction of population life expectancy (for men up to 54-57; for women up to 60-65 years). -year).

As of the last decade there has been a sharp decline in continued indicators of residence in life (in active women 6.1 years and in men at 11 years)...

...the fertility rate of children with genetic aberrations reached in the country 17%".

Specialists are offered many definitions and points of view on the essence of health. In accordance with the words of who, "health is a state of complete physical, spiritual and social well-being, and not merely the absence of disease and physical insufficiency." prior to the gift of time no unified approach to the definition and evaluation of health. However, i can confidently say, "health should reflect the human's ability to maintain homeostasis through perfect adaptation to changing environmental conditions, actively resisting changes with the goal of conservation and prolongation of life" (1).

It seems reasonable to decide this task in two ways: one) the creation of conditions for the functioning of the human organism, most naturally to him how to biological type; 2) promotion of adaptation opportunities through revitalization of adaptation mechanisms.

The first solution of the task implies the formation of a healthy tn image of life, that is, providing adequate and varied motor activity, rejection of harmful habits (using stimulants and drugs), formation of a food culture, a culture of emotions, respect for a sensible regime of the day etc. P.

The second is an unresolved task of rational application of physical work to various systems of the human organism. Because of this topic what, because of the integrity of the organism's biosystem, the impact of training on its separate systems (muscular, respiratory, cardiovascular) leads to maintenance 6.

Adaptation opportunities total organisms. Eb myakinchenko and vn seluyanov (2000) note:

At most compressed form heal affects related work:

Before total, by normalizing management and regulatory processes in the triad: central nervous system (cns)- hormonal system - immune system; by trophy regulation and exchange processes in cells;

With the activation of synthetic processes in tissues. This leads in particular to hypertrophy (increase in size) and hyperplasia (increase in number) of some cellular organelles and cell self, maintenance of key cellular activities of enzymes altering membrane properties and many other phenomena, which in general are expressed in increasing functional capacity and reserves of vital organs. Body and system of organisms.

Task, by having to face a fitness coach in his professional activities, it clearly illustrates the fundamental difference between the work of a fitness coach and a coach who works in the field of sports. The latter in his work account to decide the task at the maximum required development of functionality and quality, so as to achieve maximum effectiveness in the chosen form of sport. The fitness trainer equally accounts for working on optimal development of qualities, leading to the achievement of the goals set by the client, in order to maintain a reasonable balance between the speed of development of these qualities and maintaining the health of the client. Unless these options are used in fitness funds, the method and organization of the form of training sessions are often dictated not only by their functional needs and rationality. A fitness trainer should take into account factors such as: emotional saturation of the class, the correspondence of the organizational form of the lesson with the client's motivational tasks and even factors such as the mode for a particular fitness area of work. Unless required a professional level of knowledge and personal skills the trainer is required to know the basics of communication psychology, know, how to motivate clients for regular training sessions, have a sufficient level of cultural behavior and speech.