Macroproject Development in the Third World
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About the Book and Author
Macroproject Development in the Third World: An Analysis of Transnational Partnerships
Kathleen J. Murphy
During the 1970s an unprecedented number of large-scale, projects of various kinds were launched in the Third World. Many multinational corporations that were experienced in initiating such projects in industrialized nations encountered unanticipated difficulties and risks in the new settings. This book assesses the experiences of multinationals and host nations and offers guidelines for effectively implementing macroprojects in developing areas.
The author synthesizes data from more than 1600 macroprojects conducted during the 1970s; statistical information was supplemented by on-site surveys and interviews. She emphasizes that the successful development of a large-scale project hinges on the effective coordination of numerous individuals and groupsowners, project management contractors, indigeneous and foreign workers, financiers, government ministeries, consumers, etc. The key to success, she concludes, lies in anticipating and managing for sociocultural discontinuities and in setting up an adequate audit of organizational effectiveness. The guidelines resulting from her analysis are intended to assist multinational corporations and their host counterparts in understanding the new arrangements and approaches needed to successfully manage the macroprojects of the future.
Ms. Murphy is an independent consultant based in New York City. Research for this book was conducted while she was a research consultant for McKinsey and Company, an international management consulting firm.
Macroproject Development in the Third World
An Analysis of Transnational Partnerships
Kathleen J. Murphy
First published 1983 by Westview Press, Inc.
Published 2018 by Routledge
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Copyright 1983 Taylor & Francis
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Library of Congress Cataloging in Publication Data
Murphy, Kathleen J.
Macroproject development in the third world.
(A Westview Replica Edition)
Index: p. 185
1. Industrial project management. 2. Economic development projects. 3. Underdeveloped areas--International business enterprises. I. Title. II. Series.
HD69.P75M87 1982 658.4'04'091724 82-19998
ISBN 13:978-0-367-02021-7 (hbk)
"The age of nations is past. The task before us now, if we would not perish, is to shake off our ancient prejudices, and to build the earth."
Teilhard de Chardin
"There is no going backwards, but in the very moment of deepest need (there is) a hitherto undreamt-of movement forwards and outwards."
Martin Buber
Dedication
To all the individuals the owners, the project managers, the indigenous and foreign workers and professionals, local citizenry, international financiers, buyers of the output, government officials, etc. who ushered these worldscale "grand pyramids of the 1970s" into existence. Working on a daily basis at the cutting edge of "progress" it was within the scope of their daily responsibilities to push for breakthroughs and insights in management, technology, socio-cultural evolution, etc. Joining these projects from diverse social, cultural, economic and educational backgrounds, heritages and experiences, the more than 10,000 people per project required to bring a typical worldscale achievement to fruition provided a source of strength as well as enhanced the complexity of these macroprojects.
Something beyond the easy, the convenient, the traditional drove these people to undertake these "macro" commitments. As one journalist remarked of the official dedication of a macroproject installation: "The dedication was there long before the ceremony."
The decade of the 1970s saw an enormous step forward in investment activity throughout the developing world. The oil crisis of 1973 enabled Third World governments to indulge their spirit of nationalism by launching industrial and infrastructural projects on a scale comparable to the industrialized West. The magnitude of effort that has been invested in macroproject development (any project over $100 million) throughout the Third World from 1970 to 1979 is the focus of this book. Developing countries have been mounting these development projects on a scale that is awesome by any measure. Between 1970 and 1979, well over 900 macroprojects were begun, representing a total investment of over $500 billion. At least another 600 macroprojects are on the drawing boards. If all are brought to fruition, the investments will total more than $1 trillion. Fueled primarily by the shift in power and financial resources created by the oil crisis, project activity is going on not only, as might be expected, in resource development, but in processing industries such as metal refining, smelting, and petrochemicals, and also in infrastructure, including the burgeoning of whole cities and industrial parks, massive desalination plants, roadways, and ports.