Living in the Shadows of Chinas HIV/AIDS Epidemics
Identifying the existing challenges and shortfalls of Chinas current HIV/AIDS programming, this book provides an understanding of the history of HIV/AIDS in China, comparing government responses to global best practice in prevention and treatment.
Considering three key populations in China, namely, female sex workers, people who inject drugs and floating migrants, Living in the Shadows of Chinas HIV/AIDS Epidemics highlights the effects of high mobility and marginalisation on the spread of HIV in China. It is argued that these groups often suffer from stigmatisation and a lack of human security, resulting in sub-optimal outcomes for HIV/AIDS intervention and prevention efforts and the reinforcement of high-risk behaviours, further contributing to the transmission of the virus to the general population. In adding to the emerging body of literature, this book further elucidates the myriad of challenges posed by HIV/AIDS epidemics, allowing sustained engagement and a fresh insight into how governments might respond to the needs of individuals living with HIV/AIDS, both in China and globally.
Including case studies which give voice to research participants in a rich and engaging way, this book will appeal to students and scholars of Chinese Studies, Asian Studies, International Relations and Political Science, as well as those engaged in epidemiological studies in the Health Sciences.
Shelley Torcetti received her PhD from Bond University, Australia, with a research focus on human security, people migration, trafficking, sex work, drug use and HIV/AIDS in China and South-East Asia.
Routledge Contemporary China Series
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Challenges and Prospects for Global Governance and Human Security
Edited by Victor Teo and Sungwon Yoon
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Peter Nan-shong Lee
The Land Question in China
Agrarian Capitalism, Industrious Revolution, and East Asian Development
Shaohua Zhan
Radio and Social Transformation in China
Wei Lei
Internet Video Culture in China
YouTube, Youku, and the Space in Between
Marc L. Moskowitz
Securitization of the Umbrella Movement in Hong Kong
The Rise of a Patriotocratic System
Cora Y.T. Hui
Non-Governmental Orphan Relief in China
Law, Policy and Practice
Anna High
Living in the Shadows of Chinas HIV/AIDS Epidemics
Sex, Drugs and Bad Blood
Shelley Torcetti
For more information about this series, please visit: www.routledge.com/Routledge-Contemporary-China-Series/book-series/SE0768
Living in the Shadows of Chinas HIV/AIDS Epidemics
Sex, Drugs and Bad Blood
Shelley Torcetti
First published 2020
by Routledge
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and by Routledge
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Routledge is an imprint of the Taylor & Francis Group, an informa business
2020 Shelley Torcetti
The right of Shelley Torcetti to be identified as author of this work has been asserted by her in accordance with sections 77 and 78 of the Copyright, Designs and Patents Act 1988.
All rights reserved. No part of this book may be reprinted or reproduced or utilised in any form or by any electronic, mechanical, or other means, now known or hereafter invented, including photocopying and recording, or in any information storage or retrieval system, without permission in writing from the publishers.
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ISBN: 978-0-367-21116-5 (hbk)
ISBN: 978-0-429-26548-8 (ebk)
Typeset in Times New Roman
by Wearset Ltd, Boldon, Tyne and Wear
For Lachlan and Tahlya
Contents
This book would not have been possible without the assistance and encouragement of a vast number of people. I would particularly like to thank the individuals from organisations in China who were willing to talk with me about the HIV/AIDS situation. Additionally, the many people living with HIV/AIDS, sex workers and people who inject drugs I met while undertaking research in China and Australia. Dr Anna Hayes, you are an absolute rock star. Dr Jonathan Ping, you told me I could do it.
Finally, because they mean the most, I would sincerely like to thank my wonderful friends and family (particularly my amazing children, Lachlan and Tahlya and Colin, who is the best kind of Superman) for their encouragement and support; endless cups of coffee; and willingness to forgive my distraction, many absences and general air of madness.
AIDS | Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome |
ART | antiretroviral therapy |
ARV | antiretroviral drugs |
AUSAID | Australian Government Overseas Aid Program |
CBO | community-based organisation |
CDC | Chinese Centre for Disease Control |
CDC | Centers for Disease Control |
CMOH | Chinas Ministry of Health |
CRF | circulating recombinant form |
COPRI | Copenhagen Peace Research Institute |
CSW | commercial sex worker |
FPD | former plasma donor |
FSW | female sex worker |
GALT | gut-associated lymphoid tissues |
GBP | global best practice |
GONGO | government-operated non-governmental organisation |
GRD | Gay Related Immunodeficiency Deficiency |
HAARP | HIV/AIDS Asia Regional Program |
HIV | human immunodeficiency virus |
HIV+ | HIV-positive |
HPV | human papilloma virus |
IDU | intravenous drug use |
IDU | injection drug user |
ILO | International Labour Organisation |
INGO | international non-governmental organisation |
MDG | Millennium Development Goal |
MMT | methadone maintenance treatment |
MSM | men who have sex with men |
MTCT | mother-to-child transmission |
NEP | needle exchange programme |
NGO | non-governmental organisation |
NSP | needle-syringe programme |
OI | opportunistic infection |
PEP | post-exposure prophylaxis |
PLWHA | |