W. R. Webb - High-Resolution CT of the Lung

High-Resolution CT of the Lung

High-Resolution CT of the Lung

FIFTH EDITION

W. Richard Webb, MD

Professor Emeritus of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging

Emeritus Member, Haile Debas Academy of Medical Educators

University of California San Francisco

San Francisco, California

Nestor L. Mller, MD, PhD

Professor Emeritus of Radiology

Department of Radiology, University of British Columbia

Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada

David P. Naidich, MD, FACR, FAACP

Professor of Radiology and Medicine

New York University

Langone Medical Center

New York, New York

Senior Executive Editor: Jonathan W. Pine, Jr.

Acquisitions Editor: Ryan Shaw

Product Development Editor: Amy G. Dinkel

Production Project Manager: David Orzechowski

Senior Manufacturing Coordinator: Beth Welsh

Marketing Manager: Dan Dressler

Senior Designer: Joan Wendt

Production Service: S4Carlisle Publishing Services

Copyright 2015 Wolters Kluwer Health

Two Commerce Square

2001 Market Street

Philadelphia, PA 19103 USA

LWW.com

4th edition 2009 by LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS, a WOLTERS KLUWER business

All rights reserved. This book is protected by copyright. No part of this book may be reproduced in any form by any means, including photocopying, or utilized by any information storage and retrieval system without written permission from the copyright owner, except for brief quotations embodied in critical articles and reviews. Materials appearing in this book prepared by individuals as part of their official duties as U.S. government employees are not covered by the above-mentioned copyright.

Printed in China

Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data

Webb, W. Richard (Wayne Richard), 1945- author.

High-resolution CT of the lung / W. Richard Webb, Nestor L. Mller, David P. Naidich. Fifth edition.

p. ; cm.

Includes bibliographical references and index.

eISBN 978-1-4698-8765-4

I. Mller, Nestor Luiz, 1948- , author. II. Naidich, David P., author. III. Title.

[DNLM: 1. Lungradiography. 2. Tomography, X-Ray Computed. 3. Lung Diseasespathology. WF 600]

RC734.T64

616.2407572dc23

2014003388

Care has been taken to confirm the accuracy of the information presented and to describe generally accepted practices. However, the authors, editors, and publisher are not responsible for errors or omissions or for any consequences from application of the information in this book and make no warranty, expressed or implied, with respect to the currency, completeness, or accuracy of the contents of the publication. Application of the information in a particular situation remains the professional responsibility of the practitioner.

The authors, editors, and publisher have exerted every effort to ensure that drug selection and dosage set forth in this text are in accordance with current recommendations and practice at the time of publication. However, in view of ongoing research, changes in government regulations, and the constant flow of information relating to drug therapy and drug reactions, the reader is urged to check the package insert for each drug for any change in indications and dosage and for added warnings and precautions. This is particularly important when the recommended agent is a new or infrequently employed drug.

Some drugs and medical devices presented in the publication have Food and Drug Administration (FDA) clearance for limited use in restricted research settings. It is the responsibility of the health care providers to ascertain the FDA status of each drug or device planned for use in their clinical practice.

To purchase additional copies of this book, call our customer service department at (800) 638-3030 or fax orders to (301) 223-2320. International customers should call (301) 223-2300.

Visit Lippincott Williams & Wilkins on the Internet: at LWW.com. Lippincott Williams & Wilkins customer service representatives are available from 8:30 am to 6 pm, EST.

10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1

DEDICATION

To my father, who encouraged my curiosity and taught me to figure things out

WRW

To my wife, Isabela, and my childrenAlison, Phillip, and Noah Mller

NLM

To Jocelyn, whose constant love and support has always been my greatest inspiration

DPN

Contributing Authors

Brett M. Elicker, MD

Associate Professor of Clinical Radiology and Biomedical Imaging

Chief, Cardiac and Pulmonary Imaging

University of California San Francisco

San Francisco, California

Myrna C. B. Godoy, MD, PhD

Assistant Professor of Radiology

University of Texas

MD Anderson Cancer Center

Houston, Texas

C. Isabela S. Mller, MD, PhD

Department of Radiology

Delfin Clinic

Salvador, Bahia, Brazil

Preface

During the past 25 years, high-resolution CT (HRCT) has become established as an indispensable tool in the evaluation of patients with diffuse lung disease. HRCT is now commonly used in clinical practice to detect and characterize a variety of lung abnormalities. In the approximately 5 years since our fourth edition was published, considerable progress has taken place in the understanding of diffuse lung diseases and the recognition of new entities and their nature, causes, and characteristics. Without doubt, HRCT has played a fundamental role in contributing to this progress and has become essential to the diagnosis of a number of diffuse diseases.

This fifth edition continues what the three of us, independently, in conjunction, and with each others encouragement and support, began some 30 years ago. The photograph of the three of us below was taken by a local resident at the 1989 Diagnostic Course in Davos, on a walk we took on the promenade above the Sweitzerhof on the day of our arrival, when as junior faculty, we were more than a little anxious about teaching along with such important and impressive chest radiologists as Fraser, Felson, Greenspan, Milne, Flowers, Heitzman, and many others.

At this meeting, we each spoke about the use of HRCT, which, at the time, was a little-known technique that was regarded with skepticism by many radiologists. We learned from each other as we spoke, compared slides in the speaker-ready room, and gained confidence from our shared opinions. At this meeting, we began thinking about a collaboration that would combine our experience and thoughts about this new modality and its potential uses. Our first edition of this book was published in late 1991, with a grand total of 159 pages. It was a quarter of an inch thick, and, to our knowledge, referenced every known paper on HRCT. From our perspective, it was the most important thing we had ever done.

That is how things start. Maybe that is the best way things should start. It was certainly fun and rewarding for each of us. And we three have stuck together over the years, out of our combined respect, admiration, friendship, and good humor. Each one of us believes that we learned more from our collaboration than we taught.

In this edition, we have incorporated an update and review of numerous recent advances in the classification and understanding of diffuse lung diseases and their HRCT features. Recent technical modifications in obtaining HRCT have also been reviewed, most notably the use of helical HRCT and dose-reduction techniques. We hope the reader will find these changes and updates helpful. As is our wont, we have reorganized our discussions into new sections and chapters, which we feel best presents the most important topics in HRCT diagnosis for reference and learning.