Princeton Review - MCAT Biology and Biochemistry Review: New for MCAT 2015

Editorial
Robert Franek, Senior VP, Publisher
Casey Cornelius, VP, Content Development
Mary Beth Garrick, Director of Production
Selena Coppock, Managing Editor
Calvin Cato, Editor
Colleen Day, Editor
Aaron Riccio, Editor
Meave Shelton, Editor
Orion McBean, Editorial Assistant

Random House Publishing Team
Tom Russell, Publisher
Alison Stoltzfus, Publishing Manager
Melinda Ackell, Associate Managing Editor
Ellen Reed, Production Manager
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Andrea Lau, Designer

The Princeton Review
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Copyright 2014 by TPR Education IP Holdings, LLC. All rights reserved.

Cover art David Hoare/Alamy

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eBook ISBN: 978-1-101-88240-5
Trade Paperback ISBN: 978-0-8041-2504-8

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Editor: Meave Shelton
Production Artist: Maurice Kessler
Production Editor: Kiley Pulliam

v3.1

Daniel J. Pallin, M.D.

Senior Author

Judene Wright, M.S., M.A.Ed.

Senior Author

TPR MCAT Biology and Biochemistry Development Team:

Jessica Adams, Ph.D.

Chris Fortenbach, B.S.

Heather Liwanag, Ph.D. Judene Wright, M.S., M.A.Ed., Senior Editor, Lead Developer

Sarah Woodruff, B.S., B.A.

Edited for Production by:

Judene Wright, M.S., M.A.Ed.

National Content Director, MCAT Program, The Princeton Review

The TPR MCAT Biology and Biochemistry Team and Judene would like to thank the following people for their contributions to this book:

Kashif Anwar, M.D., M.M.S., John Bahling, M.D., Kristen Brunson, Ph.D., Phil Carpenter, Ph.D., Khawar Chaudry, B.S., Nita Chauhan, H.BSc, MSc, Dan Cho, M.P.H., Glenn E. Croston, Ph.D., Nathan Deal, M.D., Ian Denham, B.Sc., B.Ed., Joshua Dilworth, M.D., Ph.D., Annie Dude, Rob Fong, M.D., Ph.D., Kirsten Frank, Ph.D., Isabel L. Jackson, B.S., Erik Kildebeck, George Kyriazis, Ph.D., Ben Lee, Travis MacKoy, B.S., Joey Mancuso, M.S., D.O., Evan Martow, BMSc, Brian Mikolasko, M.D., M.BA, Abhisehk Mohapatra, B.A., Christopher Moriates, M.D., Stephen L. Nelson, Jr., Ph.D., Rupal Patel, B.S., Mary Qiu, Ina C. Roy, M.D., Jayson Sack, M.D., M.S., Will Sanderson, Jeanine Seitz-Partridge, M.S., Oktay Shuminov, B.S., Preston Swirnoff, Ph.D., M.S., Rhead Uddin, Jia Wang.

Periodic Table of the Elements

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SO YOU WANT TO BE A DOCTOR

So you want to be a doctor. If youre like most premeds, youve wanted to be a doctor since you were pretty young. When people asked you what you wanted to be when you grew up, you always answered a doctor. You had toy medical kits, bandaged up your dog or cat, and played hospital. You probably read your parents home medical guides for fun.

When you got to high school you took the honors and AP classes. You studied hard, got straight As (or at least really good grades!), and participated in extracurricular activities so you could get into a good college. And you succeeded!

At college you knew exactly what to do. You took your classes seriously, studied hard, and got a great GPA. You talked to your professors and hung out at office hours to get good letters of recommendation. You were a member of the premed society on campus, volunteered at hospitals, and shadowed doctors. All thats left to do now is get a good MCAT score.

Just the MCAT.

Just the most confidence-shattering, most demoralizing, longest, most brutal entrance exam for any graduate program. At about 7.5 hours (including breaks), the MCAT tops the list even the closest runners up, the LSAT and GMAT, are only about 4 hours long. The MCAT tests significant science content knowledge along with the ability to think quickly, reason logically, and read comprehensively, all under the pressure of a timed exam.

The path to a good MCAT score is not as easy to see as the path to a good GPA or the path to a good letter of recommendation. The MCAT is less about what you know, and more about how to apply what you know and how to apply it quickly to new situations. Because the path might not be so clear, you might be worried. Thats why you picked up this book.

We promise to demystify the MCAT for you, with clear descriptions of the different sections, how the test is scored, and what the test experience is like. We will help you understand general test-taking techniques as well as provide you with specific techniques for each section. We will review the science content you need to know as well as give you strategies for the Critical Analysis and Reasoning Skills (CARS) section. Well show you the path to a good MCAT score and help you walk the path.

After all you want to be a doctor. And we want you to succeed.

Most test-takers approach the MCAT as though it were a typical college science test, one in which facts and knowledge simply need to be regurgitated in order to do well. They study for the MCAT the same way they did for their college tests, by memorizing facts and details, formulas and equations. And when they get to the MCAT they are surprised and disappointed.

Its a myth that the MCAT is purely a content-knowledge test. If medical school admission committees want to see what you know, all they have to do is look at your transcripts. What they really want to see, though, is how you