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Enderby Charles - The Enderby settlement: Britains whaling venture on the Subantarctic Auckland Islands, 1849-52

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Enderby Charles The Enderby settlement: Britains whaling venture on the Subantarctic Auckland Islands, 1849-52
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The Enderby settlement: Britains whaling venture on the Subantarctic Auckland Islands, 1849-52: summary, description and annotation

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This book is a history of the British Enderby settlement on the Auckland Islands 184952 and its associated whaling venture. Isolation, a stormswept climate, unproductive soil, inexperienced crews, drunkenness and above all an unexpected shortage of whales meant the raw colony ran into trouble and the parent company found itself facing disaster. Two special commissioners were sent to either close the venture down or move it elsewhere, and a bitter struggle developed, with Charles Enderby refusing to admit defeat and Governor Sir George Grey reluctantly becoming involved. Nevertheless the settlement collapsed, and the few Maori settlers on the islands, who had preceded and benefited from the colonists presence, left soon after. Little trace of the colony remains, and the Auckland Islands are much as they were before Charles Enderby attempted to realise his dream: uninhabited, isolated, wild and beautiful, and now of World Heritage status.

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For my dearest wife Jackie to whom I dedicated my first boys adventure book - photo 1
For my dearest wife Jackie to whom I dedicated my first boys adventure book - photo 2
For my dearest wife Jackie to whom I dedicated my first boys adventure book - photo 3

For my dearest wife Jackie, to whom I dedicated my first boys adventure book some 60 years ago. Through all these years you have given me your own time and talent, support and encouragement. For this I give, in small return, my love and thanks.

Published by Otago University Press

P.O. Box 56 / Level 1, 398 Cumberland Street

Dunedin, New Zealand

www.otago.ac.nz

First published in 2014

Text 2014 Conon Fraser

Photographs the photographers as named.

Where no photographer is credited, these photos are courtesy of the author

The moral rights of the author and photographers have been asserted.

ISBN 978-1-877578-59-5 (print)

ISBN 978-0-947522-36-0 (Kindle Mobi)

ISBN 978-0-947522-37-7 (EPUB)

ISBN 978-0-947522-38-4 (ePDF)

A catalogue record for this book is available from the

National Library of New Zealand.

This book is copyright. Except for the purpose of fair review, no part may be stored or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including recording or storage in any information retrieval system, without permission in writing from the publishers.

Front cover: Detail from The Enderby Settlement in 1850, showing the peninsula dividing the two bays Erebus Cove and Davis Bay (artist unknown). (Bodleian Library, Oxford, Ref. 18971 d. 65)

Ebook conversion 2017 by meBooks

An aerial view of the Enderby Settlement site from the Enderby Settlement - photo 4

An aerial view of the Enderby Settlement site, from the Enderby Settlement Diaries. Note the coastal fringe of flowering rata.

J. Kendrick

Acknowledgements

This account of the Enderby Settlement began as a chapter in my 1986 book on New Zealands subantarctic islands, Beyond the Roaring Forties. The book followed the National Film Unit production of the same title, which I directed. I spent several weeks on the Auckland Islands, working at all the locations of importance to the Enderby Settlement. I am grateful to the National Film Unit and the Department of Conservation for that wonderful assignment.

In 1984 we went down as a small crew on the Acheron, skippered by the late Alex Black and his wife Colleen; and again in 1985 with accompanying scientists on HMNZS Monowai with its Wasp helicopter, piloted by Lt Cdr Dave Washer, which gave me the opportunity to take and sometimes snatch! aerial shots during trial runs for filming.

Considerable research had already taken place, and a great deal more was to follow, most of it well before the huge advantage of the Internet. Of the many people who helped me, I must give special thanks to Paul Dingwall for his support and input, and to Chris Robertson, who put me on to Mackworths diary, in the first place, and then Munces diary. Both were generous in passing on information.

In New Zealand, I would like to thank Jill Goodwin, Miranda Johnson and Diane Woods of the Alexander Turnbull Library and National Library; Kate de Courcy and Robert Eruera of the Auckland Libraries Sir George Grey Special Collections; Georgia Prince of the Auckland Libraries; David McDonald and Anne Jackman of the Hocken Library; Alistair Carlile of the Auckland War Memorial Museum; Baden Norris of the Canterbury Museum; Sandra Quinn of Taupo Library; National Archives Wellington; Gareth Winter of Wairarapa Archives; and Chris Edkins of DOC for originating the maps and Good Graphic Design for amending them. Also, Kay Beets, Richard Bruce, Wilford Davis, Des Downes, Barbara Enderby, Cdr Brett Fotheringham, Pauline Goodger, Sarah Howell, (the late) Hazel Lane, Wayne Marriott, Des Price, Rhys Richards, Ken Scadden, Rowley Taylor, Dr Murray Williams and Graeme Valpy.

In Australia, I would like to thank Susan Mercer and Judy Nelson of the Mitchell Library, NSW; State Library of Tasmania Archives; and Janet Denne, Judy Tadman and (the late) Harold Munce. And in Canada, Madelene Allen. In Britain, Id like to thank David Prior of the House of Lords Reference Library (now Parliamentary Archives, Houses of Parliament); Bob Headland of Scott Polar Research Institute, Cambridge University; Dr Leedham-Green of Cambridge University Library; Jonathan Smith of Trinity College Cambridge; the Public Record Office, Kew (now National Archives) and Dr M.K. Banton; Dr Carol Jacobi and Edward Smith of Westminster School records; Christopher Allan of Ede & Ravenscroft; the Royal Geographical Society; Admiralty Library, Ministry of Defence; and the National Maritime Museum Greenwich; also John Enderby, Barbara Ludlow, Sir Digby Mackworth and Professor James Mackworth.

Several of the above have died in the years since my researches first began and I am sad that they are not able to appreciate the results of their involvement.

My grateful thanks go to my editor, Gillian Tewsley, whose work has been sympathetic, perceptive and thorough. I am indebted to Otago University Press former publisher Wendy Harrex, who took on this project, and her successor, Rachel Scott, who saw it through to completion. My thanks also go to the rest of the team at Otago University Press.

Finally, special thanks to my wife Jackie for her careful and perceptive reading, encouragement and suggestions made over successive drafts.

Conon Fraser

Taupo

Authors Note

A chance remark by Dr David Waite, while giving ornithologist C.J.R. Robertson of the Wildlife Service the required medical check before one of Christophers research trips to New Zealands subantarctic islands in 1974, was the beginning of my long involvement with the Enderby Settlement. Dr Waite happened to mention that an uncle of his, Des Downes, had come across an old diary written at the Enderby Settlement on the Auckland Islands, while he was clearing out the attic of a deceased aunts house. The diarist, William Mackworth, had married Juliet Valpy, Downes great-grandmother, and she had passed the diary down through the family after Williams early death.

The existence of a second diary, by William Munce, was discovered in 1994 by Madelene Allen of Canada, great-granddaughter of Robert Holding, a survivor of the Invercauld, wrecked on the Auckland Islands in 1864. Following up on her early researches at the Mitchell Library in Sydney, Chris Robertson traced the original of the diary in 1998 through surviving relatives of William Munce to Winifred Davenport, Munces great-granddaughter. The two diaries were combined a year later as the Enderby Settlement Diaries (ESD); and I was involved with this project as a contributor and co-editor.

For most of the time between the discovery of these two diaries, virtually nothing was known about William Mackworth himself, and disappointingly little about daily life at the settlement. I had to read between the lines to understand Mackworths occasional outbursts of loneliness and frustration. He did not even mention meeting and falling

The author filming a skua with inquisitive sea lion taken on Campbell Island - photo 5

The author filming a skua, with inquisitive sea lion (taken on Campbell Island in 1985). Bayly Watson

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