CHRISTINA ROSSETTI was born in London in 1830 to a literary and artistic family of Italian origin, and was educated at home. When she was sixteen, her grandfather printed a collection of her poems, convinced that they were worthy of publication. She became engaged in 1848 to James Collinson, an early member of the Pre-Raphaelite Brotherhood, of which her brothers Dante Gabriel and William Michael were among the founders. The engagement ended in 1850 on Collinsons conversion to Roman Catholicism, which clashed with Christinas High Anglicanism. Her father retired in 1853 and Christina planned to open a day school to earn money. This plan was eventually abandoned because of ill-health, which required her to live quietly.
In 1850 several of her poems had been published under a pseudonym in the Pre-Raphaelite magazine The Germ. More of her poems appeared in Macmillans Magazine in 1861, of which Uphill and A Birthday received considerable critical praise. Christina went on to publish several collections of poetry, including Goblin Market and Other Poems (1862). She also published verse for children, including Sing-Song: A Nursery Rhyme Book (1872, illustrated by Arthur Hughes), short stories, prose-works, including a commentary on the Apocalypse, and a number of devotional works. A devout Anglican, she was drawn to the Tractarian or Oxford Movement, and much of her writing was religious in theme, with a strong sense of spiritual yearning and melancholy. She also wrote about the frustrations and renunciation of love and in 1866 rejected a proposal of marriage from Charles Cayley, on the grounds that he was not a Christian. From then on she lived somewhat reclusively, although continuing to write and to meet her brothers friends, whose circle included Whistler, Swinburne and Charles Dodgson (Lewis Carroll). She died in 1894.
DINAH ROE is a lecturer at the University of Hertfordshire and a freelance writer whose interests include the nineteenth-century novel, Victorian poetry, and womens writing. Born and raised in the United States, she holds degrees from Vassar College (USA) and University College London. She has written Christina Rossettis Faithful Imagination (2006), and is currently working on a book about the Rossetti family and their circle. She lives in London.
CHRISTINA ROSSETTI
Selected Poems
Text by R. W. CRUMP
Edited with an Introduction and Notes by DINAH ROE
PENGUIN BOOKS
PENGUIN CLASSICS
Published by the Penguin Group
Penguin Books Ltd, 80 Strand, London WC2R 0RL , England
Penguin Group (USA) Inc., 375 Hudson Street, New York, New York 10014, USA
Penguin Group (Canada), 90 Eglinton Avenue East, Suite 700, Toronto, Ontario, Canada M4P 2Y3
(a division of Pearson Penguin Canada Inc.)
Penguin Ireland, 25 St Stephens Green, Dublin 2, Ireland
(a division of Penguin Books Ltd)
Penguin Group (Australia), 250 Camberwell Road, Camberwell, Victoria 3124, Australia
(a division of Pearson Australia Group Pty Ltd)
Penguin Books India Pvt Ltd, 11 Community Centre, Panchsheel Park, New Delhi 110 017, India
Penguin Group (NZ), 67 Apollo Drive, Rosedale, North Shore 0632, New Zealand
(a division of Pearson New Zealand Ltd)
Penguin Books (South Africa) (Pty) Ltd, 24 Sturdee Avenue, Rosebank, Johannesburg 2196, South Africa
Penguin Books Ltd, Registered Offices: 80 Strand, London WC2R 0RL , England
www.penguin.com
This selection first published in Penguin Classics 2008
1
Texts copyright Louisiana State University Press, 1979, 1986, 1990
Selection and editorial matter copyright Dinah Roe, 2008
All rights reserved
The moral right of the editor has been asserted
Except in the United States of America, this book is sold subject
to the condition that it shall not, by way of trade or otherwise, be lent,
re-sold, hired out, or otherwise circulated without the publishers
prior consent in any form of binding or cover other than that in
which it is published and without a similar condition including this
condition being imposed on the subsequent purchaser
9781101492918
To Kathleen, Ralph and Oliver Roe, who are
All which love is and does and can
Contents
SELECTED POEMS
Chronology
1824 Gabriele Rossetti arrives in London.
Death of Lord Byron.
1826 Marriage of Frances Mary Lavinia Polidori and Gabriele Rossetti.
1827 Publication of Tractarian poet John Kebles The Christian Year (Christinas copy contains her own illustrations in the margins).
1830 ( 5 December) Christina Rossetti born in London, the youngest of four siblings: Maria Francesca (b. 1827), Dante Gabriel (b. 1828) and William Michael (b. 1829).
Publication of Alfred Tennysons Poems, Chiefly Lyrical.
1833 Oxford Movement begins with the start of the series of publications Tracts for the Times.
1837 Queen Victorias reign begins.
1839 Christina first reads John Keats in Hones Everyday Book.
1842 First surviving written poem, To My Mother on Her Birthday.
1843 Begins attending services at Christ Church, Albany Street, along with mother Frances and sister Maria.
William Wordsworth becomes Poet Laureate.
1845 Christina suffers poor health and a nervous breakdown.
William Michael gets a job at the Inland Revenue.
Henry Newmans conversion to Roman Catholicism causes turmoil for Anglo-Catholics.
1847 Verses: Dedicated to Her Mother privately printed by Christinas grandfather Gaetano Polidori.
1848 Pre-Raphaelite Brotherhood (PRB) founded.
Publication of Monckton Milness The Life Letters and Literary Remains of Keats .
( October ) First poems published in The Athenaeum .
Engagement to PRB painter James Collinson.
1850 ( January ) Poems appear in the first issue of the Pre-Raphaelite magazine The Germ .
Ends engagement with Collinson when he converts to Roman Catholicism.
Death of Wordsworth. Tennyson becomes Poet Laureate.
Publication of Elizabeth Barrett Brownings Sonnets from the Portuguese .
1853 Death of the Polidori grandparents.
Crimean War begins.
1854 ( March ) British involvement in Crimean War.
( April ) Death of father.
1856 Crimean War ends.
1859 Christina volunteers at St Mary Magdalene Home for Fallen Women in Highgate.
1860 Friendship with Charles Bagot Cayley begins.
Dante Gabriel marries his muse, Elizabeth Siddal, and publishes The Early Italian Poets .
1861 First trip abroad, to France.
1862 ( February ) Death, from laudanum overdose, of Elizabeth Siddal.
( April ) Publication of Goblin Market and Other Poems .
1864 Most probable date (according to Jan Marsh) that Christina stops volunteer work at St Mary Magdalene Home for Fallen Women.
1865 Last trip abroad, to Italy.
Publication of Lewis Carrolls Alices Adentures in Wonderland .
1866 Publication of The Princes Progress and Other Poems . ( August ) Refuses Cayleys proposal of marriage.
1867 Mother, William Michael, Maria, Christina and aunts Eliza and Charlotte Polidori move to 56 Euston Square, Bloomsbury.
1870 Publication of Commonplace and Other Short Stories .
1871 Falls ill with Graves disease.
1872 Publication of Sing-Song: A Nursery Rhyme Book .
1873 Maria enters the Anglican Sisterhood of All Saints.
1874 Publication of Speaking Likenesses and Annus Domini: A Prayer for Each Day of the Year, Founded on a Text of Holy Scripture .
1875 Publication of Goblin Market, The Princes Progress, and Other Poems .
1876 Death of Maria.
1878 University of London admits women for the first time.