Hornblower - The Greek world: 479-323 BC

THE GREEK WORLD,
479323 BC

The Greek World 479323 BC has been an indispensable guide to classical Greek history since its first publication nearly thirty years ago. Now Simon Hornblower has comprehensively revised and partly rewritten his original text, bringing it up to date for yet another generation of readers. In particular, this fourth edition takes full account of recent and detailed scholarship on Greek poleis across the Hellenic world, allowing for further development of the key theme of regional variety across the Mediterranean and beyond. Other extensive changes include a new sub-chapter on Islands, a completely updated bibliography, and revised citation of epigraphic material relating to the fourth-century BC. With valuable coverage of the broader Mediterranean world in which Greek culture flourished, as well as close examination of Athens, Sparta and the other great city-states of Greece itself, this fourth edition of a classic work is a more essential read than ever before.

Simon Hornblower is a Senior Research Fellow at All Souls College, Oxford. He was previously Professor of Classics and Grote Professor of Ancient History at University College London. He is a Fellow of the British Academy. His many publications in Greek history and classical civilization include a Commentary on Thucydides in three volumes (19912008). He is now working on commentaries on Herodotus books 5 and 6, and on Lykophrons Alexandra.

ROUTLEDGE HISTORY OF THE ANCIENT WORLD

Series editor: Fergus Millar

THE ANCIENT NEAR EAST C.3000330 BC

Amlie Kuhrt

GREECE IN THE MAKING 1200479 BC

Second Edition

Robin Osborne

THE GREEK WORLD 479323 BC

Fourth Edition

Simon Hornblower

THE GREEK WORLD AFTER ALEXANDER 32330 BC

Graham Shipley

THE BEGINNINGS OF ROME

Italy and Rome from the Bronze Age to the Punic Wars (c. 1000264 BC)

Tim Cornell

THE ROMAN WORLD 44 BCAD 180

Martin Goodman

THE ROMAN EMPIRE AT BAY, AD 180395

David S. Potter

THE MEDITERRANEAN WORLD IN LATE ANTIQUITY

AD 395600

Averil Cameron

Forthcoming:

THE ROMAN REPUBLIC 26444 BC

Edward Bispham

THE GREEK WORLD
479323 BC

Fourth Edition

Simon Hornblower

First published 1983 by Methuen & Co. Ltd

Reprinted with corrections 1985

Second edition first published 1991

Third edition first published 2002

This fourth edition published 2011

by Routledge

2 Park Square, Milton Park, Abingdon, Oxon, OX14 4RN

Simultaneously published in the USA and Canada

by Routledge

270 Madison Avenue, New York, NY 10016

Routledge is an imprint of the Taylor & Francis Group, an informa business

1983, 1991, 2002, 2011 Simon Hornblower

The right of Simon Hornblower to be identified as author of this work has been asserted by him in accordance with sections 77 and 78 of the Copyright, Designs and Patents Act 1988.

All rights reserved. No part of this book may be reprinted or reproduced or utilized in any form or by any electronic, mechanical, or other means, now known or hereafter invented, including photocopying and recording, or in any information storage or retrieval system, without permission in writing from the publishers.

British Library Cataloguing in Publication Data

A catalogue record for this book is available from the British Library

Library of Congress Cataloging in Publication Data

Hornblower, Simon.

The Greek world, 479323 BC / Simon Hornblower. 4th ed.

p. cm. (Routledge history of the ancient world)

Simultaneously published in the USA and Canada--T.p. verso.

Includes bibliographical references and index.

1. Greece--History--Athenian supremacy, 479-431 B.C. 2. Greece--History Peloponnesian War, 431404 B.C. 3. Greece--History--Spartan and Theban Supremacies, 404362 B.C. 4. Greece--History--Macedonian Expansion,

359-323 B.C. I. Title.

DF227.H67 2011

938--dc22 2010033052

ISBN 10: 0-415-60291-2 (hbk)

ISBN 10: 0-415-60292-0 (pbk)

ISBN 10: 0-203-83171-3 (ebk)

ISBN 13: 978-0-415-60291-4 (hbk)

ISBN 13: 978-0-415-60292-1 (pbk)

ISBN 13: 978-0-203-83171-7 (ebk)

CONTENTS

Figures

Maps

Acknowledgements

Quotations from P. J. Rhodes and R. Osborne, Greek historical inscriptions 404323 BC (Oxford, 2003) from pp.55, 57, 147, 149 are reproduced by permision of Oxford University Press.

Preface and Acknowledgements to The First Edition

This book is dedicated to Hector Catling, Director of the British School at Athens (BSA). By inviting me to lecture in 1979 and 1981 to courses held at the BSA on the Greek city-state, jointly organized by the BSA and the Department of Education and Science, and attended by sixth-form teachers, he made me think about many of the topics discussed in the present book. He also, both at Athens and on the sites we visited (in Attica and the neighbouring city-states), taught me much not just about Mycenaean Greece his own speciality but about Greece of all periods.

I am grateful to the general editor of this series, Fergus Millar, for his original invitation to write this book, and for encouragement and comments since. The book has been much improved by his general and particular criticisms, made at the penultimate stage. My wife Jane has also read and commented very usefully. John Roberts of Eton College read a draft of , for which I am also grateful, as also to Susan Sherwin-White and Robin Seager for comments on particular chapters and to Robert Parker for reading the proofs.

I have frequently, too frequently it may be felt, referred to other things I have written, especially to my book Mausolus, Oxford, 1982, my additions to the Athenian Empire LACTOR edn 3 (1984), and my forthcoming chapters (iii and xi[a]) on Persia and on Asia Minor in the Cambridge Ancient History, edn 2, vol. vi. I have also drawn on a forthcoming (1985) book of mine on Thucydides (London) [actually Hornblower 1987]. The reason is simply to save space by not repeating references or arguments given more fully in those places.

Simon Hornblower

Oriel College Oxford

21 February 1983

Preface to The Third Edition

This is a completely rewritten version of a book which is now nearly twenty years old, and which inaugurated the series in which it appeared, a series which otherwise really got going only in and after 1993. Since 1983 there have been two reprintings (as I myself modestly and correctly called them, see The Greek World 1991: x) of my book, in 1985 and 1991. For those reprintings, including that of 1991 although the dust-jacket more ambitiously called it a Revised Edition, I was not able to make more than minimal changes: that is, to correct outright errors of typography or fact, to make small additions to the notes where space permitted, and to up-date the bibliographies at the end. Nevertheless, I have called the present book a third edition because the 1991 version is referred to as a second edition by, for instance, the authors of the volumes in the present series which cover the periods before and after my book (Osborne 1996a: xx; Shipley 2000: 504). But in fact this is the first properly new edition since the original publication.

1983 was before the days of word-processors, so five years ago I started writing the book all over again but using disks. The work of rewriting has taken five years, on and off, a period lengthened by a move of job from Oxford to London. The main changes are: