Long Kathleen P. - Gender and Scientific Discourse in Early Modern Culture

The idea for this collection of essays on alchemy and other forms of early modern science began with a seminar on Alchemy and Abjection that I taught many years ago at the Society for the Humanities at Cornell University. The atmosphere at the Society gave me room to rethink early modern science, beyond the Jungian and history of science models already circulating. The students in that seminar, Sean Teuton among others, inspired me to think differently about alchemy in particular, with their perceptive analyses of the highly elaborate rhetoric of the treatises they encountered over the course of the semester.

As is evident from the list of contributors, the work of many minds and hands went into this collection. I would like to thank my patient contributors, many of whom revised and polished their work over and over again, to make this collection of essays more of a harmonious whole. This project would never have come to fruition without the tireless support and wise advice of Erika Gaffney, our editor. Anything that is excellent in this project is due to her inspiration, as well as the hard work of the contributors; any errors are my own.

But the support of many others helped to refine our work, and I can only name a few here. Michael Giordano encouraged me from the very beginning of the long evolution of this collection. Gary Ferguson, David LaGuardia, and Larry Kritzman have given me advice on my work and on the collection, as well as opportunities to present portions of this material and receive feedback from others at the University of Delaware and at Dartmouth College. Marilyn Migiel read portions of the manuscript and gave valuable advice and kept me motivated throughout the process. I also thank our anonymous reader, who gave detailed guidance for reworking a number of the essays. My frequent exchanges with Leah DeVun have helped me to refine my understanding of medieval and early modern alchemy; she has been a valued interlocutor during this entire process. The Rare Book and Manuscript Division of the Cornell University Library has provided valuable resources for the research that went into this project; many of our images come from this collection. I am grateful to the entire staff of this collection for the help they extended to me as I undertook research on this topic. I thank Katherine Reagan in particular for the help she gave in navigating the collection. Last but not least my thanks go to my ever-patient and helpful tech support, Douglas Long, without whom this work would never have seen the light of day.

Agrippa, Heinrich Cornelius. De nobilitate et praecellentia foeminei sexus. R. Antonioli et al., eds. Geneva: Droz, 1990.

. De Occulta Philosophia. Cologne, 1533.

. Of vanitie and uncertaintie of Arts and Sciences. Trans. James Sanford. London: John Daye, 1589.

. Three Books of Occult Philosophy. Trans. J[ames] F[rench]. London, 1651.

Alberti, Leon Battista. The Family in Renaissance Florence. Bk. III. Rene Neu Watkins, ed. and trans. Illinois: Waveland Press, 1994.

Allestree, Richard. The Ladies Calling. London, 1673.

Ariosto, Ludovico. Satire e rime, nuovamente ordinate e corredate di note con in fine: Lerbolario, Le lettere, Le poesie attribuite allautore e I carmi latini. Trieste: Sez. letterario-artistica del Lloyd austriaco, 1858.

Aristotle. Generation of Animals. In The Complete Works of Aristotle. Ed. Jonathan Barnes. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press, 1984.

Artis Auriferae. Basel, 1572.

Ashmole, Elias. Theatrum Chemicum Britannicum. London, 1652.

dAubign, Thodore Agrippa. Les Tragiques. Oeuvres. H. Weber, ed. Paris: Gallimard, 1969.

Bacon, Francis. The Advancement of Learning. Ed. G.W. Kitchin. London: J.M. Dent & Sons Ltd., 1973; Totowa, NJ: Rowman and Littlefield, 1974.

. Selected Writings of Francis Bacon. Introduction by Hugh G. Dick. New York: Modern Library, 1955.

Bacon, Roger. The Mirror of Alchimy. London, 1599.

Bauhin, Caspar. De corporis humani fabrica Basel: Sebastianum Henricpetri, 1590.

Bourgeois, Louise (Boursier). Apologie de Louise Bourgeois Dite Bourcier sage femme de la Royne Mere du Roy, & de feu Madame. Contre le Rapport des Medecins. Paris: Chez Melchior Mondiere, 1627.

. Observations diverses sur la strilit, perte de fruict, foecondit, accouchements et maladies des femmes, & enfants nouveaux naix, amplement traites, et heureusement praticques par L. Bourgeois dite Boursier. Paris: H. Ruffin, 1652.

. Observations diverses sur la strilit, perte de fruits, fcondit, accouchements et maladies des femmes et enfants nouveau-ns suivi de Instructions ma fille. Franoise Olive, ed. Paris: ct-femmes, 1992.

. Rcit vritable de la naissance de messeigneurs et dames les enfans de France [Instruction ma fille, et autres textes]. F. Rouget and C. Winn, ed. Geneva: Droz, 2000.

Bruno, Giordano. Le Cena De Le Ceneri [The Ash Wednesday Supper, 1584]. Ed. and trans. Edward A. Gosselin and Lawrence S. Lerner. Toronto, Buffalo, and London: University of Toronto Press, Renaissance Society of America Reprint Texts 4, 1977, reprint 1995.

Bry, Theodor de, America tertia pars memorabilem provinciae Brasiliae historiam continens Frankfurt: M. Becker, 1605.

Campanella, Tommaso. Astrologicorum Libri VI. In quibus Astrologia, omni superstitione Arabum & Iudorum eliminata, physiologic tratatur, secundm S. Scripturas, & doctrinam S. Thom, & Alberti, & summorum Theologorum; Ita ut absque suspicione mala in Ecclesia Dei multa cum utilitate legi possint. Lugduni, 1629.

. The City of the Sun. In Ideal Commonwealths. Henry Morley, ed. New York: Colonial Press, 1901.

Carpi, Jacopo Berengario da. Isagogae breves, perlucidae ac uberrimae in anatomiam humani corporis. Bologna: Benedictus Hector, 1523.

Cavendish, Margaret. Philosophical and Physical Opinions (London, 1663). To his Excellencie the Lord Marquis of Newcastle.

. Observations upon Experimental Philosophy. London, 1666.

Cervantes, Miguel de. Don Quijote de la Mancha. Ed. Francisco Rico. Madrid: Crtica, 1998. Vol. 1.

Clifford, Anne. Lives of Lady Anne Clifford Countess of Dorset, Pembroke, and Montgomery (15901676) and of her parents summarized by herself. J.P. Gilson, ed. London: Roxburghe Club, 1916.

. The Diary of Anne Clifford, 16161619: A Critical Edition. Katherine O. Acheson, ed. London: Garland, 1995.

A Closet for Ladies and Gentlewomen. London, 1608.

Coelson, Lancelot. Philosophia maturata an exact piece of philosophy containing the practick and operative part thereof in gaining the philosophers stone: with the wayes how to make the mineral stone and the calcinations of mettals: whereunto is added a work compiled by St. Dunstan concerning the philosophers stone: and the experiments of Rumelius and preparations of Angelo Sala, all most famous chymists in their time. London, 1668.

Copie dune letter escripte a Monsieur du Chesne dune Docte demoiselle de france. Denmark: Copenhagen, Royal Library MS. 1792.

Cortese, Isabella. I Secreti de la Signora Isabella Cortese: Nequali si contengo cose minerali, medicinali, artificiose, e Alchimique, & molte de larte profumatoria, appartenenti e ogni gran Signora. Venice: Giovanni Bariletto, 1574.

. I secreti della Signora Isabella Cortese. Chicca Gagliardo, ed. Milan: La Vita Felice, 1995.

Coste, Hilarion de. Les Eloges et vies des reynes, des princesses, et des dames illustres en pit, en courage & en doctrine, qui ont fleury de nostre temps, & du temps de nos Peres