50 THINGS PHOTOGRAPHERS NEED TO KNOW ABOUT FOCUS
JOHN GREENGO
50 THINGS PHOTOGRAPHERS NEED TO KNOW ABOUT FOCUS
An Enthusiasts Guide
John Greengo
Project editor: Maggie Yates
Project manager: Lisa Brazieal
Marketing manager: Mercedes Murray
Copyeditor: Maggie Yates
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Layout and type: WolfsonDesign
Cover design: WolfsonDesign
Indexer: Maggie Yates
Front cover image: John Greengo
ISBN: 978-1-68198-500-8
1st Edition (1st printing, August 2019)
2019 John Greengo
All images John Greengo unless otherwise noted
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CONTENTS
INTRODUCTION
Focus is perhaps the most important of all camera settings to get correct at the moment of capture. The unforgiving lens has to be set correctly to avoid taking blurry shots. An out-of-focus image cant be fixed after the fact. The problem lies not in the tools; the modern camera has more than enough to solve virtually every focus problem. The challenge lies in knowing which tools and techniques to use for any given situation.
The technology continues to evolve, with new options, such as facial recognition and subject and eye tracking, available. Keeping your knowledge and understanding of these new features up-to-date can be hard. This book will help you gain a better understanding of all the modern options and how to use them.
Traditional solutions are still important, too, because they serve as a way to solve problems that technology cannot. Manual control, in many cases, can be the quickest and easiest solution. From auto to manual, the 50 concepts in this book will give you a greater understanding of all the focus options, as well as tips on how to implement them for achieving sharp focus on all of your images.
1
THE BASICS OF FOCUS
CHAPTER 1
In a world full of autofocus cameras, its amazing how much work a photographer needs to do to make sure each photograph is properly focused. Whether you are manually focusing or letting the camera do the work for you, there are numerous factors that can dramatically alter the focus of your photo. With each major camera innovationautofocus, digital, mirrorlessa new set of controls and possibilities has emerged. Never have there been so many ways to focus (and so many options to control that focus). Camera menus now offer pages of options dedicated to focus. To master the skill of focusing, you must be aware of the options, know how they work, and then apply the right technique to successfully capture the subject in front of your lens. An understanding of how we got to where we are today will clarify the importance of focus and why we have the tools and techniques that we now use.
1. WHY FOCUS IS SO IMPORTANT
ACHIEVING PROPER FOCUS is critical because it cant be adjusted, fixed, or repaired after the photo is taken. It must be set correctly before the shutter is clicked.
There have been many demonstrations by tech companies, as well as fictional examples, that show how someone could take an out-of-focus photograph and sharpen it in a software program. You can almost hear them saying, sharpen and zoom in. Im sorry to burst your bubble, but its all made up. It doesnt exist. Adobe Photoshop has been around for more than 30 years and the best it can do to bring focus to a blurry photograph is a feature called Smart Sharpen, which adds a bit of contrast to the edges of your subject, giving the illusion of adding bit of sharpness. In 30-plus years of software development, there has been no real progress in taking an out-of-focus photo and turning it into a sharply focused image.
An out-of-focus image is a problem everyone can easily identify. The only reasons to keep an out-of-focus photo are either personal, emotional reasons; if it happens to be of a critical news event; or if it was an intentional, desired result. When culling through my own images, if its out of focus, its headed for the garbage.
Ill often look at an out-of-focus image closely to try and determine what went wrong. There are a limited number of issues, and sometimes the metadata can reveal whether the problem is the shutter speed, focal length, or aperture. I have no problem with deleting out-of-focus images because I dont believe a rescue in the form of fix-it software is going to become available in the foreseeable future. A software program that sharpens blurry photos is an exciting concept, but it doesnt exist in practicality so far. Any software program is going to struggle to create data where none existed in the first place. For example, if you take a photo of your friend wearing a patterned blue shirt and your resulting photo is wildly out of focus, the blue shirt is going to look like a giant blob in various shades of blue. Without knowing what the shirt really looks like, current software programs have no hope of re-creating this lost information.
Potential future technologies may allow focusing after the image has been taken. There was a lot of excitement surrounding a new technology called the light-field camera. It captured light differently from conventional photographic systems and as a result, images could be refocused after the fact. The idea was that every time you took a photo your camera actually took a series of photos with every imaginable focus option and saved it as a single file. Then, upon reviewing the photo, you could change the focus point or the depth of field.