DK - My Encyclopedia of Very Important Oceans

Proj ect Editor Clare Lloyd Senior Art Ed itor Rachael P ar tt Hunt Edited by Abi Luscombe Tex t by Ben Hubbard, Andr ea Mills, Graem e Williams Subject Consultant Helen Scales Designed by Karen Hood, Hannah M oore, Rhys Th omas, Sadi e Thom as US Editor Jane P er lmutter US Senior Editor Shannon Beatty Additional Illustrat ions Kitty Glavin Proje ct Pictur e Researc her Sakshi Saluja Produ ction Editor Dr agana P uvacic Produ ction Contro ller John Casey Jacket Designer Elle Wa rd Jacket Coor dinator Issy Wa lsh Managing Editor P enny Smith Deputy Art Dir ector Mabel Chan Publ ishing Director Sarah Larter First A merican Edition, 2021 Pub lished in the United States by DK Pu blishing 1450 Broadway , Su ite 801, New Y or k, NY 10018 Copyright 2021 Dorling Kindersley Limited DK, a Div ision of P en guin Random House LLC 21 22 23 24 25 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 001322997Sep/2021 All rights reserved. Without limiting the rights under the copyright reserved above, no part of this pu blication may be re produced, stor ed in or intr oduced into a retrieval system, or t ransmitted, in a ny form, or by any means (electronic, mecha nical, photocopying, record ing, o r otherwise), without the prior written permission of the copyright owner . Pub lished in Grea t Britain by Dorling Kindersley Limited. A catalog r ecord for this book is available from the Libr ary of Co ngress. ISBN: 978-0-7440-3493-6 DK books are available at special discounts when purc hased in bulk for sales promo tions, premiums, fund- raising, or educational use. F or details, contact: DK P ublishing Special Mark ets, 1450 Broadway , S uite 801, New Y or k, NY 10018 SpecialSales@dk.com Prin ted and bound in China www.dk.com This book was made with Fo rest Stewardship Co uncil cer tif ie d paperone small step in DKs commitment to a sustainable future. For more informat ion go to www.dk .com/our-gr een-pledge New Material Only PA R eg. No . 1495 4 (CN) Content P ol yurethane F oam Matriaux neufs seulement No. d e permis: 1790-123 Contenu: Mousse de polyur thane New Material Only Reg No. 1790-123 Content P ol yurethane F oam For t he cur io us

Earths oceans Blue planet The oceans Oceans apart Salty seas The water cycle Ancient oceans The ocean oor Incredible islands Waves Currents Tides Coastal erosion Danger zone Meet the animals Small wonders Spectacular sponges Jazzy jellies Shining stars Spectacular shells Snappy crabs Brilliant bivalves Super squid Enormous octopus Sea snails and slugs Marine reptiles Terric turtles Fishy friends Fabulous sh Superb seahorses

Leafy sea dragons Sleek sharks Rays and skates Diving dolphins Wonderful whales Big blue whale Unicorn of the sea Walruses, seals, and sea lions Playful penguins Soaring seabirds Ocean environments Seashores Coastal habitats Mangroves Seagrass meadows Kelp forests Coral reefs Coral-reef life Natural reefs Articial reefs Icy waters Arctic waters Antarctic waters In the zone Sunlight zone Twilight zone Midnight zone Abyssal zone

Living in the ocean Family matters Turtle power Riding the waves Swimming together Perfect partners Ocean wanderers Whale adventure Arctic food web Amazing algae Marine hunters Self defense Masters of disguise Natural glow Ocean of sounds Super sonar Smart sea creatures Ocean adventures Early exploration Silk Road of the sea Ocean exploration Science at sea Ships ahoy! Searching for shipwrecks Terrors of the sea Myths and legends Exploring machines Ocean equipment Mapping the ocean

Deep discoveries Exploring the Mariana Trench Underwater mountains Inside a sinkhole Ocean heroes Sports records Oceans and us Fun at sea Beach vacations Living underwater Work on the waves Ocean rescue Sea supplies Fishy business Ocean hazards Climate change Plastic problems Saving our seas Journey into the unknown Index Acknowledgments

Earth s

Ta ke the plunge and go on a we t and wild trip around our watery worl d . Dive int o salty seas , navigate wacky w aves and weir d w eather , and tra vel deep down to the ocean ooryoull hav e a whale of a time!

Wel come to our wa tery world! Oceans cov er huge ar eas of our planet. They are the biggest sources of water on Eart h, and are home to lots of wildlife . Water and land There is more water than land on Earth. W ater tak es up mor e than two-third s of the entir e surf ace! The r est of Ear th s surfa ce is home to the sev en continents and thousands of islands. Im the largest creature in the ocean. W e still dont know all the animals that live in the ocean. Shrimp Blue whale

True blue The oceans look blue because of sunlight . The sun s r ays contain all the colors of the r ainbo w . When bright sunlight shines on the oceans, the water absorbs all of the colors ex cept f or blue. The blue rays then re ect o the water f or us t o see. Theres so much water on Earth! Ocean Land Clouds The ocean formed over FOUR BILLION years ago!

The Pacific Ocean contains MORE water than ALL The Pacic Ocean is enormous, and is bigger than all of the continents combined! It has roug hly 25,000 islands. The Atlantic Ocean is home t o Gr eenland, the largest island on Earth. Part of the wo rld s longest mountain chain can be found her e. NORTH AMERICA SOUTH AMERICA Atlantic Ocean Arctic Ocean Mediterranean Sea Southern Ocean Caribbean Sea North Sea Greenland Pacific Ocean