Alex Danchev - Magritte: A Life

AACB Archives de lArt contemporain en Belgique, Brussels

AIC Art Institute of Chicago

AML Archives et Muse de la Littrature, Brussels

AS Marcel Marin (ed.), LActivit surraliste en Belgique (19241950) (Brussels: Le Fil Rouge, Editions Lebeer-Hossman, 1979)

BL British Library, London

BLJD Bibliothque littraire Jacques Doucet, Paris

BK Bibliothque Kandinsky, Paris

BN Bibliothque nationale, Paris

CARCOB Centre des archives communistes en Belgique

CPB Parti Communiste de Belgique

CR Ren Magritte Catalogue Raisonn, 6 vols (Antwerp/Brussels: Mercatorfonds, 19922012):

I Oil Paintings 19161930 (1992) [CR 1333] (David Sylvester & Sarah Whitfield)

II Oil Paintings and Objects 19311948 (1993) [CR 334706] (David Sylvester & Sarah Whitfield)

III Oil Paintings, Objects, and Bronzes 19491967 (1993) [CR 7071094] (Sarah Whitfield & Michael Raeburn)

IV Gouaches, Temperas, Watercolours, and Papiers Colls 19181967 (1994) [CR 10951655] (Sarah Whitfield & Michael Raeburn)

V Supplement, Exhibitions Lists, Bibliography, Cumulative Index (1997) (David Sylvester, Sarah Whitfield, Michael Raeburn, & Lynette Cawthra)

VI Newly Discovered Works (2012) (Sarah Whitfield)

CRRP Catalogue Raisonn Research Project, Menil Archives, Houston

Ceuleers Jan Ceuleers, trans. Gus Triandos, Ren Magritte, 135 rue Esseghem, Jette-Brussels (Antwerp: Pandora, 1999) [Magritte]

DM Dallas Museum of Art

EC Ren Magritte, crits complets [1979] (Paris: Flammarion, 2009), ed. Andr Blavier

FA Le Fait accompli

Gablik Suzi Gablik, Magritte [1970] (London: Thames & Hudson, 1985) [Magritte]

GRI Getty Research Institute, Los Angeles

IMEC Institut mmoires de ldition contemporaine, Caen

Larousse Larousse du XXe Sicle, 6 vols. (Paris: Larousse, 1928)

LM Marcel Marin (ed.), Lettres mles (19201966) (Brussels: Les Lvres nues, 1979)

LRS La Rvolution surraliste

LS Marcel Marin (ed.), Lettres surralistes (19241940) (Brussels: Les Lvres nues, 1973)

Magritte Lettres Andr Bosmans 19581967 (Paris: Seghers, 1990) [Bosmans]; La Destination: lettres Marcel Marin 19371962 (Brussels: Les Lvres nues, 1977) [Destination]; Quatre-vingt-deux lettres de Ren Magritte Mirabel Dors et Maurice Rapin (Paris: Privately published, 1976) [Rapin]

Marin Marcel Marin, Le Radeau de la mmoire (Brussels: Les Lvres nues, 1988) [Radeau]; Apologies de Magritte 19381993 (Brussels: Devillez, 1994) [Magritte]

Menil Menil Collection/Archives, Houston

MFA Museum of Fine Arts

MLMB Muse des lettres et manuscrits, Brussels

MLMP Muse des lettres et manuscrits, Paris

MNAM Muse national dart moderne, Paris

MoMA Museum of Modern Art, New York

MPC Muse de la Photographie, Charleroi

MRBAB Muses royaux des Beaux-Arts de Belgique

MS Manuscript

Noug Paul Noug, Ren Magritte ou les Images dfendues [1943] [Images]; in Ren Magritte (in extenso) (Brussels: Devillez, 1997) [Magritte]; Histoire de ne pas rire [1956] (Lausanne: LAge dHomme, 1980) [Histoire]; LExprience continue [1967] (Lausanne: LAge dHomme, 1981) [Exprience]; Des mots la rumeur dune oblique pense (Lausanne: LAge dHomme, 1983) [Mots]

OC Oeuvres compltes

OPC Jacques Wergifosse, Oeuvre (presque) complte (Brussels: Les Trois Petits Cochons, 2001)

PBA Palais des Beaux-Arts, Brussels

PC Private collection

PMA Philadelphia Museum of Art

Poe Histoires extraordinaires [1856] (Paris: Gallimard, 2010) [HE]; Nouvelles histoires extraordinaires [1857] (Paris: Gallimard, 2010) [NHE]

Roisin Jacques Roisin, Ren Magritte: la premire vie de lhomme au chapeau melon [1998] (Brussels: Les Impressions Nouvelles, 2014) [Magritte]

Scut Irne, Scut, Magritte and Co (Brussels: MBRAB, 1996)

Scutenaire Louis Scutenaire, Avec Magritte (Brussels: Lebeer Hossmann, 1977) [Magritte]

SW Ren Magritte, trans. Jo Levy, Selected Writings (Richmond: Alma, 2016), ed. Kathleen Rooney and Eric Plattner

Sylvester David Sylvester, Magritte [1992] (Brussels: Mercatorfonds, 2009) [Magritte]

TGA Tate Gallery Archives, London

Torczyner Harry Torczyner, Magritte: signes et images (Paris: Draeger, 1977) [Signes]; trans. Richard Miller, Magritte: Ideas and Images (New York: Abrams, 1977) [Ideas]; LAmi Magritte: correspondance et souvenirs (Antwerp: Mercatorfonds, 1992) [LAmi]; trans. Richard Miller, Magritte/Torczyner: Letters Between Friends (New York: Abrams, 1994) [Letters]

Waldberg Patrick Waldberg, Ren Magritte [1965] (Paris: La Diffrence, 2009) [Magritte]

My beloved husband, Alex Danchev, died suddenly and unexpectedly after completing chapter nine of this book. Ensuring that his last book saw the light of day has been of primary importance for his family and friends. Heartfelt thanks are due to several people without whose assistance and knowledge it would not have been possible to bring this book to fruition. Firstly to Sarah Whitfield for completing the book by writing chapter ten and providing invaluable assistance with the editing. To Charly Herscovici for his kindness and support. To the translator, Paul Edson, for commenting on Alexs translations from the French. To the picture editor, Lesley Hodgson, for sourcing the illustrations, and to the Magritte experts Jacques Roisin, Mia Vandekerckhove, and Julie Waseige, who generously shared their knowledge.

A debt of gratitude is also due to the following:

Deborah Garrison and Todd Portnowitz at Pantheon and Andrew Franklin and Cecily Gayford at Profile for their excellent editing and support, and Andrew Gordon at David Higham for his wisdom and encouragement.

For assistance and support in the venture: Manu Van Der Aa, Pierre Alechinsky, Lotte Beckw, Lucie Bennani-Spaak, Nele Bernheim, Mel Bochner, Phillip Van den Bossche, Yves Bossut, Isy Brachot, Isy Gabriel Brachot, William Camfield, Xavier Canonne, Michel Carly, Jan Ceuleers, Anouck Clissen, Elizabeth Cowling, Enrico Crispolti, Eric Decelle, Didier Devillez, Virginie Devillez, Philippe Dewolf, Richard Dorment, Guy Dotrement, Guy Duplat, John Elderfield, Daniel Filipacchi, Marcel Fleiss, Suzi Gablik, Andr Garitte, Robert Gober, Marie Godet, Jos Gotovitch, Johan Grimonprez, Clydette de Groot, Rebecca Hellen, Jasper Johns, Brian Klug, Christiane Geurts-Krauss, Michael Kuhn, Hermione Lee, Jacques Lennep, Robert Leuwenkroon, Michel Lhomme, Lisa Lipinski, Margaret MacMillan, Duane Michals, Eric Min, Desmond Morris, Peter Morris, Anne Nelson, Luca Pietro Nicoletti, Gisle Ollinger-Zinque, Peter J. Pauwels, Benot Peeters, Antony Penrose, Heiner and Ulla Pietzsch, Michael Raeburn, Francine de Ridder, Charles De Rouck, Arturo Schwarz, Raoul Servais, Francesca Silvestri, Olivier Smolders, Frances Spalding, Anna Steinman, John Stezaker, David Thomson, Charles Trueheart, Peter Vandenabeele, Andr Vandenbroeck, Claude Van Loock, Jan Vercruysse, Bart Verschaffel, Marcia Vetrocq, Corinne Waldberg, Ian Walker, Lydejette de Weerd.

Among curators, archivists, and librarians: the staff of the American Library in Paris; Vronique Cardon at the Archives de lArt contemporain en Belgique at the Muses royaux des Beaux-Arts de Belgique, Brussels; Jean Danhaive, Mlanie Michelet, and their colleagues at the Archives et Muse de la Littrature, Brussels; Sofie Ruysseveldt at the Argos Media Library, Brussels; Stephanie DAlessandro and Allison Langley and their colleagues at the Art Institute, Chicago; Elias Leytens at Bernaerts Auction House, Antwerp; Paul Cougnard at the Bibliothque Doucet, Paris; Anne Delebarre and her colleagues at the Bibliothque Kandinsky, Paris; the staff of the Bibliothque patrimoniale Hendrik Constance, Antwerp; the staff of the Bibliothque Royale de Belgique, Brussels; the staff of the Bibliothque Sainte-Genevive, Paris; the staff of the Bodleian Library, Oxford; the staff of the British Film Institute, London; Sophie Mercier at Casino Knokke; Marie-France Hanon at the Centre des archives communistes en Belgique, Brussels; the staff of the Institute Mmoires de ldition contemporaine, Caen; Francine Norris at the Edward James Foundation, West Dean; John Langdon and his colleagues at the Hyman Kreitman Research Centre at the Tate, London; Jan Robert, Jan Stuyk, and their colleagues at the Letterenhuis, Antwerp; Jolle Janssens at the Maison Magritte, Chtelet; David Aylsworth, Geraldine Aramanda, Lisa Barclay, Karl Kilian, and their colleagues at the Menil Archives, Houston, Texas; Dita Amory, Catherine Brodsky, Meredith Friedman and their colleagues at the Metropolitan Museum of Art, New York; Cathrine Verleysen at the Muse des Beaux-Arts, Ghent; Loanna Pazzaglia at the Muse des lettres et manuscrits, Brussels; Elisa Bourdonnay at the Muse des lettres et manuscrits, Paris; Andr Garitte and his colleagues at the Muse Magritte, Jette, Brussels; Brigitte Leal and her colleagues at the Muse national dart moderne, Paris; Xavier Canonne and his colleagues at the Muse de la Photographie, Charleroi; Frederik Leen at the Muses royaux des Beaux-Arts de Belgique, Brussels; Erik van Boxtel and Saskia van Kampen at the Boijmans Van Beuningen Museum, Rotterdam; Danielle Johnson and Anne Umland at the Museum of Modern Art, New York; Juana Haba at Nail to Nail, Brussels; Monica Keyzer at