Christopher Hibbert - The French Revolution

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First published by Allen Lane 1980
Published in Penguin Books 1982

Copyright Christopher Hibbert, 1980

All rights reserved

ISBN: 978-0-141-92715-2

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PENGUIN BOOKS

Christopher Hibbert was born in Leicestershire in 1924 and educated at Radley and Oriel College, Oxford. He served as an infantry officer during the war, was twice wounded and was awarded the Military Cross in 1945. Described in the New Statesman as a pearl of biographers, he is, in the words of The Times Educational Supplement, perhaps the most gifted popular historian we have. His many highly acclaimed books include the following titles, most of which are published by Penguin: The Destruction of Lord Raglan (which won the Heinemann Award for Literature in 1962), London: The Biography of a City, The Rise and Fall of the House of Medici, The Great Mutiny: India 1857, The French Revolution, Garibaldi and His Enemies, Rome: The Biography of a City, Elizabeth I: A Personal History of the Virgin Queen, Florence: The Biography of a City, Nelson: A Personal History, George III: A Personal History and The Marlboroughs: John and Sarah Churchill 16501744.

Christopher Hibbert is a Fellow of the Royal Society of Literature and an Hon. D. Litt. of Leicester University. He is married with two sons and a daughter, and lives in Henley-on-Thames.

FOR

TERRY AND MOYRA

Louis XVI

Marie Antoinette as a young mother

Versailles in 1722

Louis XVI giving money to a poor family by Debucourt

Market people celebrating in Les Halles by Debucourt

A caricature satirizing the inequality of taxation

The Duc dOrlans and the Marquis de Lafayette carry aloft Jacques Necker

The opening ceremony of the Estates General at Versailles on 5 May 1789

The Abb Sieys

Camille Desmoulins

J. L. Davids painting of the deputies taking the oath in the tennis-court at Versailles on 20 June 1789

Troops encamped on the Champ de Mars on 14 July 1789

The storming of the Bastille on 14 July 1789

Mirabeau, sketch by David

Jean-Sylvain Bailly

The King arriving at the Htel de Ville

A contemporary print depicting the departure of the heroines of Paris for Versailles on 5 October 1789

The arrival of the women at Versailles

The celebrations on the first anniversary of the fall of the Bastille, 14 July 1790

The burning of a Tree of Feudalism, 1792

The mob looting a noblemans house

Pierre Victurnien Vergniaud

The King is apprehended in Sauces house in Varennes

The King announces the declaration of war to the acclaim of the deputies

The attack on the Tuileries on 10 August 1792

The Victory of Equality, or the Plots Baffled

La Femme du Sans Culotte

Sans Culottes du 10 Aot lan 1er

A revolutionary committee during the Terror

Georges Jacques Danton

The royal family walking in the grounds of the Temple

The trial of Louis XVI in the National Convention, 26 December 1792

The execution of the King on the Place de la Rvolution on 21 January 1793

J. L. Davids celebrated Marat

Charlotte Corday after the murder of Marat

Robespierre, sketch by David

Arrest of Robespierre

Antoine-Quentin Fouquier-Tinville

The trial of Fouquier-Tinville

Davids sketch of Marie Antoinette on her way to execution

The execution of Marie Antoinette on 16 October 1793

The interior of Frascatis during the days of the Directory

A Bonapartist print depicting the brave Grenadiers protecting their hero in the Orangery at Saint-Cloud

Davids painting of Napoleons coronation in 1804

The author and publishers are grateful to the following for permission to reproduce photographs: Photographie Bulloz, Paris, for nos. 1, 2, 4, 5, 9, 11, 12, 14, 15, 17, 22, 27, 28, 30, 31, 32, 33, 34, 36, 38, 42, 43, 44; The Mansell Collection, London, for nos. 3, 8, 13, 16, 19, 20, 23, 25, 29, 35, 37, 39, 41; Snark International, Paris, for nos. 6, 7, 18; Mary Evans Picture Library, London, for nos. 10, 21; Runion des Muses Nationaux, Paris, for no. 40; Photographie Giraudon, Paris, for nos. 24, 26.

The Section

1 Tuileries

2 Champs lyses

3 Roule

4 Palais Royal

5 Place Vendme

6 Bibliothque

7 Grange Batelire

8 Louvre

9 Oratoire

10 Halle au Bl

11 Postes

12 Place Louis XIV

13 Fontaine Montmorency

14 Bonne Nouvelle

15 Ponceau

16 Mauconseil

17 March des Innocents

18 Lombards

19 Arcis

20 Faub.Montmartre

21 Poissonnire

22 Bondy

23 Temple

24 Popincourt

25 Montreuil

26 Quinze-Vingts

27 Gravilliers

28 Faub.Saint-Denis

29 Beaubourg

30 Enfants Rouges

31 Roi de sicile

32 Htel de ville

33 Place Royale

34 Arsenal

35 Ile saint-Louis

36 Notre-Dame

37 Henri IV

38 Invalides

39 Fontaine de Grenelle

40 Quatre Nations

41 Thtre Franais

42 Croix Rough

43 Luxembourg

44 Thermes de Julien

45 Sainte-Genevieve

46 Observatoire

47 Jardin des Plantes

48 Gobelins