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Granholm Göran - Dynamics of long-life assets: from technology adaptation to upgrading the business model

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Book:
Dynamics of long-life assets: from technology adaptation to upgrading the business model
Author:
Granholm Gran / Grsser Stefan N / ReyesLecuona Arcadio
Publisher:
Springer International Publishing;SpringerOpen
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Books / Business
Year:
2017
City:
Cham
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Part I
Introduction and Setting the Scene

The Author(s) 2017

Stefan N. Grsser , Arcadio Reyes-Lecuona and Gran Granholm (eds.) Dynamics of Long-Life Assets 10.1007/978-3-319-45438-2_1

Dynamics of Long-Life Assets: The Editors Intro

Gran Granholm 1

(1)

VTT Technical Research Centre of Finland Ltd., Espoo, Finland

(2)

Institute for Corporate Development, Bern University of Applied Sciences, Bern, Switzerland

(3)

DIANA Research Group, Departmento de Tecnologa Electrnica, ETSI Telecomunicacin, Universidad de Mlaga, Malaga, Spain

Gran Granholm (Corresponding author)

Email:

Stefan N. Grsser

Email:

Arcadio Reyes-Lecuona

Email:

Abstract

The manufacturing industry is changing. Driven by a number of concurrent trends, including economic and political development, technological breakthroughs and social connectivity, the impacts on industry in general are fundamental. Companies need to find ways to adapt to this change in collaboration with actors across their value networks. For long-life industrial assets, i.e., industrial product-service systems, both economically and environmentally sustainable solutions become an imperative supported by new business models-based collaborative value creation. In an EU-funded research project twenty organisations including three research institutes, four universities and thirteen companies studied, developed and demonstrated ways to deal with the dynamics of long-life assets. The main findings are summarised in this book. This chapter provides a brief introduction to the topic and presents the structure of the rest of this book.

Keywords

Digitalisation Business model Industrial product-services system Technology adaptation Asset Dynamics

Introduction

Digitalisation transforms industries globally. Companies, products and people have become increasingly connected and constantly accessible regardless of time or location. Combined with new technology innovations this gives rise to completely new products and services capable of adapting to specific customer needs. However, the demand for fast delivery of personalised solutions cannot be met by traditional, rigid supply chain structures. Instead, agile supply networks of highly specialised companies are emerging, adopting new, innovative business models. The growing technological complexity and speed of development requires a high level of specialisation. This emphasizes the need for collaboration on research and development between relevant actors to complement gaps in knowledge and innovation capacity, and to share risk and resources, especially in small and medium sized companies (Romero and Molina ), more than three-quarters of the respondents said that partnerships will form the basis of innovation for their company.

In search of efficiency and flexibility, firms are driven to both form vertical and horizontal alliances, which in turn require a more strategic approach to integration and networking (Rothwell ).

In parallel with technological development there is a growing concern about human impact on the environment and the limits of the global ecological capacity. This has led to political decisions and global agreements aiming at reducing ecological footprints. Research into key enabling technologies, such as new materials and manufacturing technologies, help reduce ecological footprints and comply with tightening regulations to, for example, reduce global warming or the use of non-renewable resources. Closed-loop life-cycles and circular economy business models appear as a viable solution to reduce environmental impacts. The European Commission has adopted an ambitious Circular Economy Package, which includes revised legislative proposals to stimulate Europes transition towards a circular economy (European Commision ). This requires new forms of collaboration and focusing on product based services to create end user benefit.

An industrial product-service system (IPSS or IPS2) is an integrated product and service offering that delivers values in industrial applications, characterized by the integrated and mutually determined planning, development, provision and use of product and service shares (Meier et al. ).

High-investment industrial product-service systems face new challenges in this dynamic and highly competitive business environment. Due to high initial investment costs such systems are usually designed for relatively long life spans. Sustainability goals call for further extension of system life-cycles. At the same time personalised, targeted solutions and improvements based on new technologies push in the opposite direction (EFFRA ). Continuous performance monitoring and information exchange processes need to be established case by case.

Innovation has been identified as the most important asset for creating business value. Focus has already shifted from the own R&D department as the main source of innovation to include other in-house functions, and is now extending beyond corporate borders to involve other actors of the value chain, including end-users and other stakeholders. In the future, innovation will depend heavily on emerging ecosystems. This, again, requires new forms of collaboration, which includes also competing companies.

Efficient strategies must be developed to upgrade legacy product-service systems to meet new requirements and enable economically and ecologically viable system life-cycles. This requires new ways of collaboration and a comprehensive approach building on the combined knowledge of the actor network, exchange of knowledge between researchers and practitioners, and learning across industry domains.

Future-Proofing Industrial Product-Service Systems

In July 2013, twenty organisations representing research and industry across Europe signed an agreement with the European Commission to undertake a research project focusing on upgrading of capital intensive product-services to meet future demands of efficiency, performance and fitness for purpose. The project called Innovative continuous upgrades of high investment product-services was funded under the European Commissions seventh Framework Program theme [FoF.NMP.2013-5] Innovative design of personalised product - services and of their production processes based on collaborative environments , short named Use - it - Wisely , and was part of the Factories of the Future public-private partnership in 2009. Public-private partnerships (or PPPs) were launched by the European Commission (executive of European Union or EU) as part of European Economic Recovery Plan presented in 2008.

The general objectives of the Factories of the Future PPP are to (EFFRA ):

increase EU industrial competitiveness and sustainability in a global world through R&I activities for the timely development of new knowledge-based production technologies and systems;
promote EU 2020 targets of a smart, green and inclusive economy;
support EU industrial policy targets (EC industrial policy communication October 2012); and
underpin EU trade and investment policy.

To meet these targets, the Use-it-Wisely (UIW) project set out to develop tools and models to help industry deal with change. The project focuses on continual improvement of products and services through a continuous upgrade activity based on a comprehensive approach involving multiple actors in a collaborative effort to improve product and services through small innovative upgrade increments.

The project targets industries dealing with high-investment products and services in general, not limited to any particular industry sector. The definition of high-investment is therefore more linked to the rate of return than on the absolute value of the initial investment. A common characteristic of such systems is therefore a relative long operational life-cycle. During their life such systems must be maintained and regularly upgraded to meet requirements that were not known or anticipated when they were first designed.

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