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Yépez-García Rigoberto Ariel - Mitigating Vulnerability to High and Volatile Oil Prices

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Yépez-García Rigoberto Ariel Mitigating Vulnerability to High and Volatile Oil Prices

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Mitigating Vulnerability to High and Volatile Oil Prices Mitigating - photo 1

Mitigating Vulnerability to High and Volatile Oil Prices

Mitigating Vulnerability to High and Volatile Oil Prices

Power Sector Experience in Latin America and the Caribbean

Rigoberto Ariel Ypez-Garca

Julie Dana

Mitigating Vulnerability to High and Volatile Oil Prices - image 2

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2012 International Bank for Reconstruction and Development/The World Bank

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This work is a product of the staff of The World Bank with external contributions. Note that The World Bank does not necessarily own each component of the content included in the work. The World Bank therefore does not warrant that the use of the content contained in the work will not infringe on the rights of third parties. The risk of claims resulting from such infringement rests solely with you.

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This work is available under the Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 Unported license (CC BY 3.0) http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0. Under the Creative Commons Attribution license, you are free to copy, distribute, transmit, and adapt this work, including for commercial purposes, under the following conditions:

AttributionPlease cite the work as follows: Ypez-Garca, Rigoberto Ariel, and Julie Dana. 2012. Mitigating Vulnerability to High and Volatile Oil Prices: Power Sector Experience in Latin America and the Caribbean. Washington, DC: World Bank. DOI: 10.1596/978-0-8213-9577-6. License: Creative Commons Attribution CC BY 3.0

TranslationsIf you create a translation of this work, please add the following disclaimer along with the attribution: This translation was not created by The World Bank and should not be considered an official World Bank translation. The World Bank shall not be liable for any content or error in this translation.

All queries on rights and licenses should be addressed to the Office of the Publisher, The World Bank, 1818 H Street NW, Washington, DC 20433, USA; fax: 202-522-2625; e-mail: .

ISBN (paper): 978-0-8213-9577-6

ISBN (electronic): 978-0-8213-9578-3

DOI: 10.1596/978-0-8213-9577-6

Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication data has been requested.

Cover photo: Offshore platform, Sonda de Campeche, Mexico; photo courtesy of PEMEX, Office of Communications.

Cover design: Naylor Design.

Contents
Foreword
Acknowledgments
Abbreviations
Units of Measure
Executive Summary
Oil Price Evolution and Risk Exposure
Who Bears the Risk Burden?
Reducing Short-Term Price Uncertainty
Reducing Oil Consumption over the Long Run
What Can Be Done
How Much Can It Help?
Chapter 1Introduction
Effects of High and Volatile Oil Prices
Study Background and Objective
Structure of This Report
Notes
References
Chapter 2Economic Effects of High and Volatile Oil Prices
Effects of High Oil Prices
Effects of Oil Price Volatility
What Is the Risk Distribution?
Summary Remarks
Notes
References
Chapter 3Economic Indicators of Vulnerability: Analysis of Latin America and the Caribbean
Oil Trade Dynamics
Oil Exporter versus Importer
Dynamics of Oil Price Hikes and Subsidies
Summary Remarks
Notes
References
Chapter 4Managing Oil Price Dynamics in the Power Sector: Experience in Latin America and the Caribbean
Oil-Dependent Energy Mix and Cost of Power Generation
Distribution of Costs and Risks
Economic Impacts on the Sector
Summing Up
Note
Reference
Chapter 5Price Risk Management Instruments
Overview of Instruments
Risk Assessment
Hedging Possibilities for Power Market Agents
Institutional Frameworks for Commodity Risk Management
Conclusion
Notes
References
Chapter 6Diversifying from Oil-Fired Power Generation
Potential for Non-Oil Generation: Central America and the Caribbean
Potential Avoided Impact from Oil-Fired Generation
Summary Remarks
Notes
References
Chapter 7Investing in Energy Efficiency
Supply-Side Efficiency
Demand-Side Efficiency
Better Energy Efficiency: Effect on Investment and Oil Consumption
Overcoming Barriers to Energy Efficiency: Policy Instruments
Summary Remarks
Notes
References
Chapter 8Regional Energy Integration
Regional Integration in Electricity
Natural Gas
Conclusion
Notes
References
Chapter 9How Much Can It Help?
Review: Effects of High and Volatile Oil Prices
Reducing Oil Dependence
What Can Be Gained
Summing Up
Note
References
Chapter 10Conclusions
Appendix ACountry Development Indicators
References
Appendix BWorld Bank Advisory Services: Managing Oil Price Exposure and Implementing Risk Management Strategies
Approach
Needs Assessment
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