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Andrew Humphreys - Top 10 Cairo and the Nile

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Andrew Humphreys Top 10 Cairo and the Nile
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How to Use this Top 10 Guide

This DK Top 10 guide is one of a new generation of illustrated travel-guide eBooks that guarantees you make the most of your visit before, during and after your stay. Use this eBook both to plan your trip and explore your destination when visiting. So, before you depart, browse the citys highlights, check out the themed sightseeing lists or simply tap through the guide and be inspired.


The best way to explore this guide is to begin at the main table of contents. The first section of the eBook shows you, quite simply, the best sights in the destination. This is followed by: Top 10 of Everything themed Top 10 lists that allow you to make the most of your time away; Around the Destination must-see sights, area by area; Streetsmart essential practical information; and the General Index (a great alternative to Search when you need to quickly look up a keyword or specific sight).


Shorter contents lists appear at the start of every section in the guide, and are designed to make chapter navigation quick and easy. You can jump back to these by clicking on the chapter-heading links that sit with an arrow icon at the top of every article.


There are dozens of useful, easy-to-use maps at the back of this eBook. Select the "View map" links thoughout the guide to see larger-scale versions fill your screen.


As you use this guide, create a personalized itinerary by bookmarking the sights, venues and activities that are of most interest, giving you the quickest possible access to everything youll need for your time away.


Price guide

All price ranges quoted for hotels in this guide are based on a standard, double room per night (with breakfast if included), taxes and extra charges. Similarly, all price ranges quoted for restaurants are based on a two-course meal for one with a soft drink and including service.

Picture 1Cairo & the Niles Highlights

The Nile is synonymous with Egypt. Almost the entire population of the country is crammed onto the narrow fertile plain fringing the river. It was so during the ancient Egyptian era, when the temples and cities of the pharaohs rarely strayed far from the life-sustaining area of the Niles banks. Today, the best way to experience Egypt is to explore the Nile, from the awe-inspiring Pyramids on the outskirts of the capital of Cairo in the north, to the great temples in the far south of the country.



Picture 2Egyptian Museum

All of ancient Egyptian history is here, from the earliest Pharaonic artefact ever discovered to treasures from the era of Cleopatra, the last in a dynastic sequence of divine kings and queens stretching over three millennia. It is said that the museum displays more than 120,000 items, with at least that many again stored away out of sight in the basement. The real crowd pleasers are the treasures from Tutankhamuns tomb, but there are many hundreds of other precious antiquities here of at least equal significance and beauty.



Top 10 Features

Picture 3The Museum Building

Egypts first national museum of antiquities opened in 1863. It was rehoused in the current pink, purpose-built premises in 1902, which were designed in Neo-Classical style by French architect Marcel Dourgnon.

Auguste Mariette The Egyptologist Mariette who discovered the Serapeum at - photo 4Auguste Mariette
The Egyptologist Mariette who discovered the Serapeum at Saqqara For further - photo 5

The Egyptologist Mariette, who discovered the Serapeum at Saqqara (For further details see ), was the founder of the first national museum of antiquities in Egypt. His sarcophagus rests in the garden in front of the Egyptian Museum.

Picture 6Central Hall

The museum is on two floors. On the lower floor galleries are arranged in chronological order clockwise around a central hall dedicated to large statuary; this is also where you will find the .

Old Kingdom Galleries Immediately to the left of the entrance hall these - photo 7Old Kingdom Galleries
Immediately to the left of the entrance hall these galleries contain artefacts - photo 8

Immediately to the left of the entrance hall, these galleries contain artefacts from the era of the Pyramid builders. Particularly beautiful are three slate triads each depicting Menkaure, builder of the smallest of the Giza pyramids, flanked by two goddesses.

Picture 9New Kingdom Galleries

This long gallery is devoted to the mightiest pharaohs, including Tuthmosis III, Amenhotep II and Ramses II, during whose rules Egypt expanded its borders south into what is now Sudan and north to the Euphrates.

Picture 10Amarna Room

Room 3 contains pieces from Amarna, the short-lived capital of the heretic king ). His daughter, Princess Meritaten, is characterized by an elongated face and full lips.

Picture 11Tutankhamun Galleries

Almost half of the upper floor is devoted to some of the vast number of items excavated from the tomb of Egypts famed boy-king, which range from everyday items such as gaming sets and footstools to the giant gilded shrines and sarcophagi that fitted one inside the other like Russian dolls.

Picture 12The Royal Mummies

The desiccated bodies of some of Egypts mightiest rulers are displayed in two rooms on the upper floor of the museum. Of the eleven royals present, the most famous are Seti I and his son Ramses II, whose colossi adorn a great many monuments in Upper Egypt.

Picture 13Animal Mummies

The ancient Egyptians mummified animals as well as people. This room on the upper floor of the museum is full of animal mummies, from cats, mice and fish to crocodiles, sacred to the god Sobek.

Picture 14Ancient Egyptian Jewellery Rooms

These two rooms contain dazzling examples of royal jewellery from the New Kingdom period. Many of these items were discovered in 1939 at Tanis, an ancient site in the Delta region.


Tip: The museum fills up fast, so arrive early to beat the worst of the crowds.


Tip: Cameras are not allowed inside the museum and must be left at a kiosk by the ticket office.


Tip: There is a caf and a Mvenpick restaurant with indoor and outdoor seating as you exit the museum.

Goodbye Tut
A new Grand Egyptian Museum is currently under construction close to the Pyramids. When finished, in 2015, it will house many of the items currently displayed at the existing Egyptian Museum, including the treasures of Tutankhamun. The museum on Tahrir Square will remain open to the public as a collection of highlights, offering an introduction to the ancient Egyptian world of the pharaohs.
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