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Franklyn M. Branley - What Makes a Magnet? (Lets-Read-and-Find-Out Science 2)

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Franklyn M. Branley What Makes a Magnet? (Lets-Read-and-Find-Out Science 2)
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Lets go fishing with a magnet.
Lets go fishing with a magnet.
Put different things in a box: a twig and some
tacks; a needle; paper clips and rubber bands; bits
of paper and aluminum foil; a pin or two.
What else? You decide. Choose things that are
small and light.
Put different things in a box: a twig and some
tacks; a needle; paper clips and rubber bands; bits
of paper and aluminum foil; a pin or two.
What else? You decide. Choose things that are
small and light.
Next, find a magnet. They come in different shapes and sizes.
Next, find a magnet. They come in different shapes and sizes.
Tie one end of a string around your magnet. Tie the other
end to a stick or a pencil. This is your fishing pole.
Tie one end of a string around your magnet. Tie the other
end to a stick or a pencil. This is your fishing pole.
Go fishing in the box. Put the things you catch
in a pile. The others will stay in the box.
Go fishing in the box. Put the things you catch
in a pile. The others will stay in the box.
Maybe you caught the tacks, paper clips,
needle, and pins but not the rubber bands and
aluminum foil. There is a reason why only
some things stick to the magnet. They have to
be made of the right stuff.
The material they are made of has to be
magnet sticky, or ferromagnetic .
Anything you lifted out of the box probably
has iron in it. The iron in these different
objects is ferromagnetic. Iron is not the only
ferromagnetic material, but it is the most
common.
Maybe you caught the tacks, paper clips,
needle, and pins but not the rubber bands and
aluminum foil. There is a reason why only
some things stick to the magnet. They have to
be made of the right stuff.
The material they are made of has to be
magnet sticky, or ferromagnetic .
Anything you lifted out of the box probably
has iron in it. The iron in these different
objects is ferromagnetic. Iron is not the only
ferromagnetic material, but it is the most
common.
Can you tell which objects in your fishing expedition probably do not
have ferromagnetic material in them? Need a hint? Look at whats still in
your box!
The wood in a twig wont stick to a magnet. Wood is not ferromagnetic.
The rubber in the rubber bands wont stick to a magnet. Rubber is
not ferromagnetic.
What about paper? Aluminum? Nope. They are not ferromagnetic, either.
Theres something else about ferromagnetic materials. They can help you
make a magnet. Want to try?
Can you tell which objects in your fishing expedition probably do not
have ferromagnetic material in them? Need a hint? Look at whats still in
your box!
The wood in a twig wont stick to a magnet. Wood is not ferromagnetic.
The rubber in the rubber bands wont stick to a magnet. Rubber is
not ferromagnetic.
What about paper? Aluminum? Nope. They are not ferromagnetic, either.
Theres something else about ferromagnetic materials. They can help you
make a magnet. Want to try?
Start with a sewing needle. Make
sure it can stick to the magnet. Place it
on a table.
Hold it there with your finger on the
needles eye.
Start with a sewing needle. Make
sure it can stick to the magnet. Place it
on a table.
Hold it there with your finger on the
needles eye.
Rub one end of the magnet along the needle, moving the magnet
from the eye of the needle to the point, not back and forth. Do this
about thirty times.
Rub one end of the magnet along the needle, moving the magnet
from the eye of the needle to the point, not back and forth. Do this
about thirty times.
Touch the needle tip to a tack, paper clip, or pin.
If the object sticks to the needle, you have a new
magnet. The magnetized needle might even be
strong enough to pick up a few objects.
The stronger a magnet is, the more it
can pick up at once. Which do you think is
strongeryour fishing magnet or the needle
magnet? Try testing them to find out.
Touch the needle tip to a tack, paper clip, or pin.
If the object sticks to the needle, you have a new
magnet. The magnetized needle might even be
strong enough to pick up a few objects.
The stronger a magnet is, the more it
can pick up at once. Which do you think is
strongeryour fishing magnet or the needle
magnet? Try testing them to find out.
No matter which magnet is stronger, both magnets are small.
They fit in your hand. But there are very large magnets, too.
In fact, the whole world is a magneteven though it doesnt look
like one.
You cant see the Earths magnetism, but you can make something
that shows you it is there: a compass .
No matter which magnet is stronger, both magnets are small.
They fit in your hand. But there are very large magnets, too.
In fact, the whole world is a magneteven though it doesnt look
like one.
You cant see the Earths magnetism, but you can make something
that shows you it is there: a compass .
Heres what to do.
Make sure your needle magnet still
works. Then get two small pieces of foam,
plastic, or cork. Carefully stick a piece on
each end of your needle magnet.
Float the magnetized needle in a bowl
of water. The needle will swing around so
one end points norththe other end, south.
Keep the needle in the center of the bowl so
it can swing freely.
Turn the needle around. When you let go,
the ends will point the same way as before.
This happens because the needle magnet
reacts to the Earths magnetism.
Heres what to do.
Make sure your needle magnet still
works. Then get two small pieces of foam,
plastic, or cork. Carefully stick a piece on
each end of your needle magnet.
Float the magnetized needle in a bowl
of water. The needle will swing around so
one end points norththe other end, south.
Keep the needle in the center of the bowl so
it can swing freely.
Turn the needle around. When you let go,
the ends will point the same way as before.
This happens because the needle magnet
reacts to the Earths magnetism.
To finish your compass, put
a dot of ink on the north end of
the needle.
Think about where the sun
sets. Stand facing that way.
Keep this book in front of you.
To finish your compass, put
a dot of ink on the north end of
the needle.
Think about where the sun
sets. Stand facing that way.
Keep this book in front of you.
The ends of the needle magnet point in different
directions because they are different from each
other. Each end reacts to the Earth magnet in its
own way.
One end reacts by moving and facing north. It is
called the magnets north-seeking pole , or simply its
north pole.
The other end moves and points in the opposite
directionsouth. This south-seeking end is the
magnets south pole.
The ends of the needle magnet point in different
directions because they are different from each
other. Each end reacts to the Earth magnet in its
own way.
One end reacts by moving and facing north. It is
called the magnets north-seeking pole , or simply its
north pole.
The other end moves and points in the opposite
directionsouth. This south-seeking end is the
magnets south pole.
Magnets are strongest at their poles. When
you picked things out of your fishing box, they
stuck to the ends of the magnet, not the middle.
Poles make magnets work. Magnets make
compasses work. And compasses help people find
their way around the block or around the world.
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