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Miriam Forster - Sharks: A Mighty Bite-Y History

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Book:
Sharks: A Mighty Bite-Y History
Author:
Miriam Forster / Gordy Wright illustrator
Publisher:
Abrams Books for Young Readers
Genre:
Books / Children
Year:
2022
Rating:
5 / 5
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Sharks: A Mighty Bite-Y History: summary, description and annotation

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An epic, oversize nonfiction picture book in the vein of Bees: A Honeyed History all about sharks and their prehistoric predecessors

Sharks are some of the oldest creatures on the earth (or, rather, in its waters). This epic survey follows sharks from their earliest appearance in the Paleozoic era up through the challenges they face today.

Along the way, readers will meet many different sharks from different points in history. They will get an up-close evolutionary look at what makes a shark a sharklike their skin, their teeth, their fins, and more. And they will get a crash course in archeological time, as the book mostly covers prehistoric sharks or modern-day sharks who have been around much longer than humans. Like the hammerhead, who has been patrolling tropical coastlines for more than 20 million years!

With lush illustrations from Gordy Wright and meticulous research from author Miriam Forster, Sharks: A Mighty, Bite-y History is sure to delight shark lovers, science fans, and any reader who loves to discover new wonders about the world around them.

Miriam Forster: author's other books

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Table of Contents

Guide

Sharks A Mighty Bite-Y History - photo 1

Abrams Books for Young Readers New York wo - photo 2

Abrams Books for Young Readers New York words by Miriam Forster pictures by - photo 3

Abrams Books for Young Readers

New York

words by

Miriam Forster

pictures by

Gordy Wright

Sharks have swum our oceans for more than 450 million years Thats a long - photo 6

Sharks have swum our oceans for more than 450 million years. Thats a long, long, long time,

as you can see by these two very scientific lists.

Things That Are Older than Sharks: A Random List

1. Bugs

2. Moss

3. starfish

4. jellyfish

5. Sea Sponges

6. Fungus

7. Worms

Things That Are Younger than Sharks: A Random List

1. Humans

2. Dogs

3. Whales

4. Dinosaurs

5. Flowers

6. Crocodiles

7. Trees

INTROduction

Sharks are some of the oldest animals on earth

today. Theyve survived extinction and preda-

tors and changing climates, and theyre so well

adapted to their environment that there are

more than five hundred different species of

sharks today. But what makes sharks so special?

Well, it turns out, sharks have a very special

toolbox. Not the kind with hammers and saws,

although some sharks have those too. The shark

toolbox has special teeth, special senses, and even

special skin!

In this book, well take a look at sharks, both

ancient and, well, a little less ancient, to learn how

theyve lasted so long. Well find out what scientists

know, and what they dont, and well see some of

the strangest sharks that have ever lived.

Ready? Lets go!

Measuring Prehistory:

A Ruler for the Ages

Scientists love to sort and label things, and

theyve split prehistoric history into lots of dif-

ferent kinds of pieces. The most important ones

for this book are eras and periods.

The Paleozoic erathe one before dinosaurs

had six periods: Cambrian, Ordovician, Silurian,

Devonian, Carboniferous, and Permian.

The Mesozoic erathe one with dinosaurs

had three periods: Triassic, Jurassic, and

Cretaceous.

The Cenozoic erathe one after dinosaurshas

three periods: Paleogene, Neogene and Quaternary.

The Quaternary is where we live now.

All of these time periods were millions of years

long, and sharks have been around for most of

them. The first sharklike scales are from way

back in the Ordovician, and the first shark teeth

date from the Silurian period. But it wasnt until

the Devonian that sharks really started to show

up on the timeline. They havent stopped making

a splash since.

Inverterbrate

animals, Brachipods,

Trilobites appear

Amphibians

appear

Shark ancestors appear

Paleozoic

Cambrian

Ordovician

Silurian

Devonian

Carboniferous

MILLION YEARS AGO

WORDS to know

We use special words to talk about prehistory.

Here are some of them:

PREHISTORIC: Before there were written records.

FOSSIL: The remains of a prehistoric organism

that have hardened and turned to stone.

PALEONTOLOGIST: Scientists who study fossils.

EXTINCTION EVENT: A place in the prehistoric

timeline where large numbers of species went

extinct. There are five great extinction events in

the fossil record. The shark family survived four

of them!

Dinosaurs

appear

and become

extinct

Birds appear

humans appear

Mesozoic

Cenozoic

PERMIAN

Triassic

JURASsIC

Cretaceous

Paleogene

Neogene

QUATERNARY

CLADOSELACHE

SIZE: Up to 6 feet long

ENVIRONMENT: Shallow seas

FOUND IN: North America

WHEN: 385 to 359 million years ago, Devonian

period

WHAT IT ATE: Shrimp, fish, eels, other sharks

The Cladoselache lived back in the Devonian

period, and like all sharks, it was also a fish.

In fact, it looked like a fish dressed up as a

shark for Halloween. But paleontologists think

Cladoselache might have been one of the earliest

true sharks. It had hardly any scales, and its

mouth was at the front of its snout instead of below

it. But Cladoselache had the true body shape of a

shark, making it fast and agile. Many of the prey

found in Cladoselache fossils were swallowed tail

first, which means they were probably caught

while swimming away. Some Cladoselache fossils

even have other sharks in them!

SHARK SHAPE

Most sharks are shaped like long pointy ovals,

with a broad body that tapers at the head and

tail. Most sharks have five stiff fins: two dorsal

fins on the back, a caudalor tailfin, and two

pectoral fins where humans would have arms.

The pectoral fins are important because, like the

wings of an airplane, they help keep the shark

from tilting down and running headfirst into

the bottom of the ocean! Sharks also have two

or three smaller fins underneath their bodies

that help keep them stable. That way they dont

roll over in the water.

Even though most sharks are shaped basically

the same way, they can still look very different from

each other. Shark bodies can be sleek and stream-

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