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a lligator clip wire units b atteries (AA, butto n cell, 9 volt) b attery pack with wire leads b ox with lid (shoe box, gift box) chalk c lear tape c olored tiss ue paper c onductive thre ad copper nails c opper tape g alvanized nails g lue or glue stick k nit gloves L ED lights l ow voltage L ED clo ck m odeling clay needle n ewspaper or paper tow els t o cover the work are a paper p aper clip (larg e) pencil p lastic placemat or wax pa per t o cover yo ur work are a Play-Do h potatoes scissors Supplies to Complete All Projects:
Tu rn on a light with pencil lead Run a clock w ith two pota toes Experiment with Play -Doh powe r Make c ell phone glov es Tra nsform a shoe box int o a colore d light f or you r room Who knew cir cuits could be so much fun? Circuits and Electronics Yes, you can make your own electronic devices!
Paper Circuit pencil s heet of paper L ED light tape -volt bat tery You Will Need: Pencil lead is made of gra phite. If the gra phite rubbed on the paper is thick enough, the light will turn on. For the best results, use an art pencil. Tip : Tip :
Turn on a light with paper and a pencil! Heres How : Draw tw o thick lines that do not touch Make a p lus sign at both ends o f one line Make a m inus sign at both ends o f the other line Make the ends of the two lines approximatel y 3/8 inch (10 millimeters) ap art so each end will touch a terminal in the battery . Tip : Tip : + - 3/8 inch (10 mm)
Bend the LED w ires Bend one w ire to the left and the other wire to the ri ght Ta pe the longer wire to the line with the plus sign Ta pe the shorter wire to the line with the minus sign The longer LE D wire is the positive wire. The shorter one is the negative wire.
Tip : Tip : + -
Hold the batte ry on the other side of eac h line To uch the plus line with the plus te rminal of the battery To uch the minus line w ith the minus terminal An LED light glows brightest when it is close to the battery. Experiment with diere nt line lengths and see how long the line can be. Tip : Tip :
OPEN CIRCUIT CLOSED CIRCUIT CARBON ATOM electron proton neutron 6 protons + 6 neutrons Wh y Does It W or k? The carbon in t he graphite acts as a conductor It allow s electricity to ow through it When the battery touch es both graphite lines, electricity can ow in a circuit It m oves from the battery to the light and back to the bat tery The ow of electric ity st arts on the minus side of the battery T his is because electricity is created b y the electrons in atoms The tiny e lectrons in atoms hav e negative charges E verythi ng in the universe is made f rom atoms, ev en you !
Copper nails are used for weat her strips and roof ashing. Tip : Tip : Potato Clock n ewspaper or paper t owels to c over the w ork area potatoes galvanized nails 2 copper nails alligator clip w ire units (wir e w ith alligator clips o n each end) l ow voltage L ED clo ck You Will Need:
copper nail copper nail zinc nail zinc nail Power a clock with potatoes! Heres How : Place a galvan ized (z inc) nail in each potato Place a co pper nail in each po tato Nails are c overed with zinc when they are galvaniz ed. Place the galvanized (zinc) nails on the left and the copper nails on the right. Po int them in opposite dire ctions.
Tip : Tip :
Open the back of the clo ck Remove t he battery Clip one alligator clip to t he positive terminal Pull the wire toward t he rst potat o Clip the other side o f the wire to a copper nail Look for the plus sign + inside the battery compartment. It is written in the pla stic at the bottom. T he minus sign is on the opposite side. Tip : Tip :
Clip the second w ire to the negativ e terminal Pull the second w ire towar d the second potato Connect the sec ond wire to the zinc-c overed nail Use the third a lligator clip to connect the two potat oes Place one clip on t he zinc- covered nail Clip the other side to the co pper nail The clock will only turn on when the circuit is closed. Eac h terminal must be connected to a wir e. Tip : Tip :
ALKALINE BATTERY Carbon Positive Electrode Electrolyte Paste Separator Carbon and manganese dioxide mixture Zinc Negative Electrode Wh y Does It W or k? To make a food batte ry y ou need thr ee things: a posit ive electrode, a n egative electrode, and an electrolyte The copper nails are positive electrodes The z inc-c oated nails ar e negative electrode s The potatoes pro vide the electr olytes Experiment with other foods and see if they ca n turn on the clock Yo u may need mor e than two food b atteries to mak e it work Connect a wire from each copper nail to a zinc -covere d nail in the f ruit next to it Then connect the w ires on each end t o the clock
Play -Doh Buttery Ligh ts p lastic placemat o r wax paper to c over your wo rk area Play-Do h m odeling clay b attery pack with w ire leads AA batteries fo r the b attery pack -4 L ED lights You Will Need: