Jessica Cohn - Hand to Earth: Saving the Environment

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Environment

HAND

to

EARTH

Saving the

Jessica Cohn

Teacher Created Materials

5301 Oceanus Drive

Huntington Beach, CA 92649-1030

http://www.tcmpub.com

ISBN 978-1-4333-4868-6

2013 Teacher Created Materials, Inc.

Consultants

Timothy Rasinski, Ph.D.

Kent State University

Lori Oczkus

Literacy Consultant

Donald L. Coan, Ph.D.

Based on writing from

TIME For Kids. TIME For Kids and the TIME

For Kids logo are registered trademarks of

TIME Inc. Used under license.

Publishing Credits

Dona Herweck Rice , Editor-in-Chief

Lee Aucoin , Creative Director

Jamey Acosta , Senior Editor

Lexa Hoang , Designer

Stephanie Reid , Photo Editor

Rane Anderson , Contributing Author

Rachelle Cracchiolo , M.S.Ed., Publisher

Image Credits: pp.34, 37 (bottom)

iStockphoto; pp.89 NASA; p.23 (bottom)

AFP/Getty Images/Newscom; p.5 (top)

Danita Delimont/Newscom; p.38 (right)

Richard Hutchings/Photo Researchers, Inc.;

p.29 Timothy J. Bradley/Robin Erickson;

pp.67, 1516 Timothy J. Bradley; All other

images from Shutterstock.

Synched Read-Along Version by:

Triangle Interactive LLC

PO Box 573

Prior Lake, MN 55372

ISBN-13: 978-1-68444-930-9 (e-book)

Table of

Contents

Extreme Effects ...............

Human Influence .............

In Our Hands ................

Glossary .....................

Index .......................

Bibliography ................. 46

More to Explore ..............

About the Author .............

Extreme

Effects

Extreme weather is everywhere. Heavy

rains are pouring down on India. Wildfires

are breaking out across Californias dry

mountains. Deserts are getting larger. At the

same time, arctic ice is shrinking. Glaciers

(GLEY-shers) in the north are melting at a

faster rate. This means less space for the

animals that live there. These animals must

move to new areas or die. These are just

some examples of the effects of climate

change on Earth.

Scientists have been studying the changes

on Earth for many years. And now they are

seeing a pattern. Its unlikely anyone felt

the change. But Earths temperature has

increased over the past century. Its about

1.4F hotter. That doesnt seem like much,

but the effects are clear.

In what ways is our climate

changing?

What caused these changes?

What can we do to help?

Getting Warmer

Many things can raise Earths

temperature. Volcanoes can heat the air.

Warm water can raise the temperature

of the land. Sunshine can make the

air hotter, too. But nearly all scientists

agree the main reason for the increase is

greenhouse gases. These are gases in

Earths atmosphere. They trap the suns

heat. This raises the temperature of the

atmosphere. And even small changes in

temperature and weather can cause big

changes in Earths climate.

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Natural Greenhouse Effect

Greenhouse Gases

The Greenhouse Effect

Greenhouse gases include carbon

dioxide , methane , and water

vapor. These gases occur naturally

and keep our planet warm. However,

human activities have made more

of these gases. These gases have

trapped the heat and created a giant

greenhouse effect on Earth.

Whats the

Cause and Effect

The following human activities

contribute to an increase in

greenhouse gases:

Burning fossil fuels

Deforestation

Raising livestock

Factory farming

Changes in how land is used

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Human - Enhanced Greenhouse Effect

More Greenhouse Gases

Difference?

Weather is an event

that occurs over

the course of hours

or days. Climate is

the average weather

conditions in a region

over many years.

Off the Charts

Scientists collect and analyze data. They look at

data from the past to make guesses about the future.

Climate models help scientists look at how conditions

on Earth affect other conditions. They use satellites

and computers to measure changes. Scientists compare

the models with tests they complete in the field. All

data shows that the rise of greenhouse gases is making

Earth heat up. Scientists are working to find out what is

making more of these gases.

Eyes in the Sky

National Aeronautics and

Space Administration (NASA)

satellites collect data every

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