Jessica Cohn - Wild Work! Animal Trainers

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Jessica Cohn

Consultants

Timothy Rasinski, Ph.D.

Kent State University

Lori Oczkus

Literacy Consultant

Thorsten Pape

Animal Trainer

Based on writing from

TIME For Kids. TIME For Kids and the TIME

For Kids logo are registered trademarks of

TIME Inc. Used under license.

Publishing Credits

Dona Herweck Rice , Editor-in-Chief

Lee Aucoin , Creative Director

Jamey Acosta , Senior Editor

Heidi Fiedler , Editor

Lexa Hoang , Designer

Stephanie Reid , Photo Editor

Sandy Phan , Contributing Author

Rachelle Cracchiolo , M.S.Ed., Publisher

Image Credits: p.61 AGE fotostock;

pp.1819, 19, 35, 36 Associated Press; p.24

Circus World/Ringling Bros. and Barnum

& Bailey; pp.2425 William Woodcock

Collection; pp.3031 Christopher Schulz

Collection; pp.30, 4040, 57 Getty Images;

p.46 ChinFotoPress/Newscom; p.52

Visual&Written/Newscom; p.40 EPA/

Newscom; p.29 imagebroker/Raimund

Kutter/Newscom; pp.4849 Zuma Press/

Newscom; pp.2829 action press/Newscom;

pp.5051 (illustrations) Timothy J. Bradley;

pp.3233 (illustrations) J.J. Rudisill; pp.47,

49 U.S. Navy; pp.44, 4445 WENN.com; All

other images from Shutterstock.

Teacher Created Materials

5301 Oceanus Drive

Huntington Beach, CA 92649-1030

http://www.tcmpub.com

ISBN 978-1-4333-4942-3

2013 Teacher Created Materials, Inc.

Teacher Created Materials

5301 Oceanus Drive

Huntington Beach, CA 92649-1030

http://www.tcmpub.com

2013 Teacher Created Materials, Inc.

Synched Read-Along Version by:

Triangle Interactive LLC

PO Box 573

Prior Lake, MN 55372

ISBN-13: 978-1-68444-992-7 (e-book)

Amazing Feats .................

The Elephant in the Room .......

Big Cats .....................

Its a Bear ....................

In the Water ..................

Risks and Rewards .............

Glossary .....................

Index .......................

Bibliography .................

More to Explore ...............

About the Author ..............

TABLE

OF

CONTENTS

AMAZING

FEATS

Animal trainers train animals to perform. They

also teach animals such as guide dogs how to help

people. Getting animals to respond to people is

always at the heart of their work. Animal trainers

take care of animals and understand animal

psychology . They form close bonds with the

animals they train. But the best trainers never

forget that the animals they work with are wild

creatures. They are always aware of the dangers

of their job.

An elephant follows a trainers

directions to paint.

Why would someone want to

become an animal trainer?

What

techniques do trainers

use to influence an animals

behavior?

How does someone

prepare to

become an animal trainer?

Creatures of Habit

Animals learn in two different ways. To

understand the first way, think about a man that often

orders pizza. When the doorbell rings, the mans

dog starts drooling. Why? The dog has come to

associate the bell with pizza. Drooling when the

doorbell rings is a response beyond its control. This

is an example of classical conditioning .

The man pays the delivery person and begins

eating a slice of pizza. His dog jumps up and puts its

paws on the table, whining and begging. The man

tells it to sit. The dog sits quietly and earns a bite of

crust. This is an outcome of operant conditioning .

It is behavior the dog can learn and control .

To the Dogs

Ivan Pavlov was a famous researcher. He gave his

dogs food and measured how much drool they

made . Next , he began ringing a bell before feeding

them . Eventually , the dogs drooled when hearing

the bell , food or no food.

Favorite Treats

Different animals like different rewards.

Here are a few to try with your pets .

U back scratches food

U ice cubes playtime

U games brushing

Think Like a Trainer

Training any animal follows a pattern of stimulus,

response, and reinforcement . The stimulus is a word

or signal. The response is the desired behavior . The

reinforcement is when the trainer lets the animal know

that he or she recognizes the behavior. Trainers also use

reinforcement to stop bad behaviors . They create a link

between a behavior and a reward or a punishment .

Positive Reinforcement

Negative Reinforcement

Behavior : The animal

does something bad .

Stimulus : The trainer

gives the animal a signal.

What does positive mean

in this chart ?

What does negative mean

in this chart ?

Do you think animals

respond better to

rewards or punishments ?

Reinforcement: The trainer

takes away something good or

stops doing something fun .

Response : The animal stops

the bad behavior .

Response : The animal does

something good .

Reinforcement: The trainer starts a

fun activity or gives the animal a treat .

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