Connor Dayton - Air

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Table of Contents

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The Four Elements AIR

Connor Dayton

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The Four Elements

Air

Connor Dayton Illustrations by Cecco Mariniello

New York

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Published in 2015 by Windmill Books, An Imprint of Rosen Publishing East 21st Street, New York, NY 10010

Copyright 2015 by Windmill Books, An Imprint of Rosen Publishing

All rights reserved. No part of this book may be reproduced in any form without permission in writing from the publisher, except by a reviewer.

Illustrations by Cecco Mariniello Computer graphics by Roberto Simoni

Photo Credits: pp. 1011 Dorling Kindersley/Thinkstock; p. Dr. Morley Read/Shutterstock. com; p. NASA; p. Michael Sewell/Photolibrary/Getty Images; p. Heath Patterson/Getty Images; p. Jezperklauzen/iStock/Thinkstock.

Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data

Dayton, Connor. Air / by Connor Dayton.

pages cm. ( The four elements) Includes index. ISBN 978-1-4777-9261-2 ( library binding) ISBN 978-1-4777-9262-9 ( pbk. ) ISBN 978-1-4777-9263-6 ( 6-pack) Air Juvenile literature. I. Title. QC161. D39 2015 dc23

2013050480

Manufactured in the United States of America

CPSIA Compliance Information: Batch # BW14WM: For Further Information contact Windmill Books, New York, New York at 1-866-478-0556 Windmill Books wishes to thank AD Books for original creation of content in this book.

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Contents

Introduction

Just P lain Air

Flying

Air to Breathe

Without Air

Hot Air, Cold air

Rising H igh Above

M oving Air

Using the Airs Energy

The Colors of Air

Colored Light

Keep the Air Clean

Glossary

Further Reading

Index

Websites

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The Four Elements

Several ancient civilizations thought of air, water, earth, and re as the four elements upon which everything in the world was built.

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Now we know that the list of elements is much longer. The periodic table has elements on it.

In this series, well learn about the four classical elements through modern science. Air, water, earth, and re all still play large parts in the natural world. Lets learn more!

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Just Plain Air?

It is easy to forget that air is there. After all, you cant exactly see it. No life on Earth could exist without it, though!

Air is the mix of gases around Earth. It is also called the

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atmosphere. It has the gases we breathe and that plants need, too. The atmosphere also keeps us from being harmed by the rays of the Sun. It holds in just the right amount of heat from the Sun, too.

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Flying

Peoples bodies, unlike birds, are not made for ying through the air. Throughout time, people have watched ying animals and wished that they too could y.

Eventually, people invented ways to use wings to y. The shape of wings gives birds, butteries, airplanes, and hang gliders lift. This force allows a ying object to overcome the force of gravity, which pulls us down.

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Air to Breathe

Air is percent nitrogen, percent oxygen, and small amounts of other gases. The balls in the drawing below represent what makes up air. The red balls are the nitrogen, the blue are oxygen, and the black ball represents the other gases.

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All animals breathe oxygen. They breathe out carbon dioxide. Plants use carbon dioxide to make food. Doing this releases oxygen. This is why plants are so important to our planet.

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Without Air

People cannot go very long without breathing. This means that if you go somewhere without air, you need to bring it with you in a tank. This is what astronauts and scuba divers do.

Our bodies depend on air in other ways, too. We need air for some of our senses to work. Sound travels on waves through air.

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Without air, we could not hear sounds. Through our sense of smell, we smell tiny particles in the air.

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Hot Air, Cold Air

Do you know why summers are warmer than winters? There are

times when half of Earth gets more of the Suns rays and times when it gets less. More sunlight means more heat. The time with the most sunlight is summer. The time with the least is winter.

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In winter, we bundle up in coats, hats, and gloves. In summer, we might wear shorts, T-shirts, and sandals. Do you go to the beach in winter? Probably not!

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